在CentOS LAMP環境中實現負載均衡可以通過多種方法,以下是幾種常見的方法:
Nginx是一個高性能的HTTP和反向代理服務器,也支持負載均衡功能。以下是一個簡單的Nginx負載均衡配置示例:
sudo yum install epel-release -y
sudo yum install nginx -y
/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
或 /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
。http {
upstream php_backend {
server backend1.example.com;
server backend2.example.com;
# 可以添加更多后端服務器
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name example.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://php_backend;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
}
}
sudo systemctl start nginx
sudo systemctl enable nginx
HAProxy是一個強大的開源負載均衡器,適用于高可用性和高吞吐量的場景。
sudo yum install haproxy -y
/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
。global
maxconn 4096
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon
defaults
log global
mode http
option httplog
option dontlognull
timeout connect 5000
timeout client 50000
timeout server 50000
frontend http-in
bind *:80
default_backend servers
backend servers
balance roundrobin
server server1 192.168.1.2:80 check
server server2 192.168.1.3:80 check
sudo systemctl start haproxy
sudo systemctl enable haproxy
網卡聚合可以將多個物理網卡綁定成一個邏輯網卡,提供冗余和負載均衡功能。
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
和 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
。DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
USERCTL=no
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
文件。DEVICE=bond0
BOOTPROTO=none
ONBOOT=yes
USERCTL=no
IPADDR=192.168.1.100
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
sudo systemctl restart network
為了提高網絡性能,可以優化TCP/IP參數。
/etc/sysctl.conf
文件:net.core.somaxconn = 65535
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 1200
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = "1024 65535"
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 8192
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000
net.ipv4.tcp_fastopen = 3
net.ipv4.tcp_rmem = 4096 87380 6291456
net.ipv4.tcp_wmem = 4096 65536 6291456
net.ipv4.tcp_mtu_probing = 1 2
sudo sysctl -p
通過以上方法,可以在CentOS LAMP環境中實現負載均衡,提高系統的可用性和性能。選擇合適的負載均衡方法和配置策略,可以根據具體需求進行調整和優化。