這篇文章主要介紹了Hadoop部署的基礎設施操作有哪些的相關知識，內容詳細易懂，操作簡單快捷，具有一定借鑒價值，相信大家閱讀完這篇Hadoop部署的基礎設施操作有哪些文章都會有所收獲，下面我們一起來看看吧。
支持最好的平臺：GNU/Linux
依賴的軟件：
Java™ must be installed. Recommended Java versions are described at HadoopJavaVersions.Hadoop基于Java開發，Java的移動性好
ssh must be installed and sshd must be running to use the Hadoop scripts that manage remote Hadoop daemons.
部署模式：
Local (Standalone) Mode 單機模式，主要用于debug
Pseudo-Distributed Mode 偽分布式，單節點多角色
Fully-Distributed Mode 完全分布式，多節點多角色
操作系統、環境、網絡、必須軟件
設置IP及主機名
關閉防火墻&selinux
設置hosts映射
時間同步
安裝jdk
設置SSH免秘鑰
可以正常聯網查看IP
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.0.118 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255 inet6 fe80::3db1:f589:4820:5457 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link> ether 00:0c:29:18:10:17 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 462062 bytes 670399544 (639.3 MiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 166351 bytes 11096211 (10.5 MiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536 inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host> loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) RX packets 84 bytes 13940 (13.6 KiB) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 84 bytes 13940 (13.6 KiB) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255 ether 52:54:00:5a:69:e1 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 // 配置 DEVICE=eth0 #HWADDR=00:0C:29:42:15:C2 TYPE=Ethernet ONBOOT=yes NM_TROLLED=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=192.168.150.11 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=192.168.150.2 DNS1=223.5.5.5 DNS2=114.114.114.114
修改配置文件設置主機名
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network // 設置主機名并保存退出 HOSTNAME=node01
//關閉防火墻 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld //關閉開機啟動防火墻 [root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld.service Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service. Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service. [root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config //將配置文件中的SELINUX設置為disabled SELINUX=disabled
增加映射關系，因為在現在搭建環境的時候，一般會做解耦，不會再軟件配置文件中寫ip地址，主要使用主機名，就和dns解析一樣，避免ip改變時要修改很多配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts // 增加映射關系 192.168.0.118 node01 192.168.0.119 node02
所有節點時間需同步一致，不然未來做心跳的時候會有問題
[root@localhost ~]# date Fri Dec 30 22:23:45 CST 2022 // 安裝ntp [root@localhost ~]# yum install ntp -y Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.163.com * extras: mirrors.163.com * updates: mirrors.163.com Package ntp-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2.x86_64 already installed and latest version Nothing to do [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/ntp.conf // 增加配置 server ntp1.aliyun.com // 啟動ntpd [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start ntpd.service // 配置開機啟動ntpd [root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable ntpd.service Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/ntpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/ntpd.service. [root@localhost ~]#
設置環境變量的時候要記得設置兩次，一次在安裝jdk的時候設置，一次在搭建Hadoop的時候設置
去官網下載jdk，最好是rpm包，然后上傳到服務器節點中（使用jdk壓縮包解壓安裝需要做很多其他的配置）
這里使用過windows下載，通過scp命令上傳到118節點中
F:\workspace\demo>scp C:\Users\43866\Downloads\jdk-8u351-linux-x64.rpm root@192.168.0.118:/usr/jdk root@192.168.0.118's password: jdk-8u351-linux-aarch74.rpm 100% 59MB 70.1MB/s 00:00 F:\workspace\demo>
在118節點中使用命令安裝jdk
[root@node01 jdk]# rpm -i jdk-8u351-linux-x64.rpm warning: jdk-8u351-linux-x64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID ec551f03: NOKEY Unpacking JAR files... tools.jar... plugin.jar... javaws.jar... deploy.jar... rt.jar... jsse.jar... charsets.jar... localedata.jar... [root@node01 jdk]#
設置JAVA_HOME環境變量
[root@node01 default]# vi /etc/profile // 追加環境變量并保存文件 export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/default export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
想要使用Hadoop腳本就必須設置ssh免密
1、檢查是否已設置ssh免密
[root@node01 default]# ssh localhost The authenticity of host 'localhost (::1)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:rDsunaro1f5LyKkEeNohXfDD9oEglNXtviD/JZtA1dw. ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:51:38:8d:fc:e4:d2:c7:ce:66:09:c8:f2:e6:9e:a7:f2. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added 'localhost' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts. root@localhost's password:
通過ssh localhost命令檢查發現需要輸入密碼，說明還未設置ssh免密，而且還可以自動生成.ssh文件，這個文件要創建的話比較麻煩
2、生成秘鑰和公鑰
如果118節點想免密登錄到118節點（自己）：
118節點就要生成公鑰和秘鑰，且將公鑰放到 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys中
[root@node01 .ssh]# ssh-keygen -t dsa -P '' -f ~/.ssh/id_dsa Generating public/private dsa key pair. Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: SHA256:GHhKB7GeoYYlNPWJpCZ+VoABUyIgDbdYrjjyAdgui1k root@node01 The key's randomart image is: +---[DSA 1024]----+ |@BB+o. | |=X=.++. | |*o=.=++ | |=B +.* o | |B.Eo+ . S | |oOo. | |+ . | | | | | +----[SHA256]-----+ [root@node01 .ssh]# cat ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys [root@node01 .ssh]# [root@node01 .ssh]# ssh 192.168.0.118 Last login: Sat Dec 31 13:52:49 2022 from 192.168.0.117 [root@node01 ~]#
119節點包含了118節點的公鑰，118就可以免密登錄
關于“Hadoop部署的基礎設施操作有哪些”這篇文章的內容就介紹到這里，感謝各位的閱讀！相信大家對“Hadoop部署的基礎設施操作有哪些”知識都有一定的了解，大家如果還想學習更多知識，歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
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