怎么用Java代碼實現酒店管理系統

怎么用Java代碼實現酒店管理系統

酒店管理系統是一個復雜的信息管理系統，涉及到客房管理、預訂管理、客戶管理、賬單管理等多個模塊。本文將介紹如何使用Java代碼實現一個簡單的酒店管理系統，涵蓋基本的增刪改查功能。

1. 系統需求分析

在開始編寫代碼之前，我們需要明確系統的基本需求。一個簡單的酒店管理系統應該具備以下功能：

1. 客房管理：包括添加、刪除、修改和查詢客房信息。
2. 預訂管理：客戶可以預訂客房，系統需要記錄預訂信息。
3. 客戶管理：記錄客戶的基本信息。
4. 賬單管理：生成客戶的賬單，記錄消費信息。

2. 系統設計

2.1 類設計

根據需求分析，我們可以設計以下幾個類：

1. Room：表示客房，包含房間號、類型、價格等屬性。
2. Customer：表示客戶，包含客戶ID、姓名、聯系方式等屬性。
3. Reservation：表示預訂信息，包含預訂ID、客戶ID、房間號、預訂日期等屬性。
4. Bill：表示賬單，包含賬單ID、客戶ID、消費金額等屬性。
5. HotelManagementSystem：主類，負責管理上述所有類的實例，并提供增刪改查功能。

2.2 數據庫設計

為了簡化實現，我們可以使用Java集合類（如ArrayList）來模擬數據庫。每個類對應一個集合，用于存儲相應的數據。

3. 代碼實現

3.1 Room類

public class Room {
    private int roomNumber;
    private String type;
    private double price;

    public Room(int roomNumber, String type, double price) {
        this.roomNumber = roomNumber;
        this.type = type;
        this.price = price;
    }

    // Getters and Setters
    public int getRoomNumber() {
        return roomNumber;
    }

    public void setRoomNumber(int roomNumber) {
        this.roomNumber = roomNumber;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Room{" +
                "roomNumber=" + roomNumber +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                '}';
    }
}

3.2 Customer類

public class Customer {
    private int customerId;
    private String name;
    private String contactInfo;

    public Customer(int customerId, String name, String contactInfo) {
        this.customerId = customerId;
        this.name = name;
        this.contactInfo = contactInfo;
    }

    // Getters and Setters
    public int getCustomerId() {
        return customerId;
    }

    public void setCustomerId(int customerId) {
        this.customerId = customerId;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getContactInfo() {
        return contactInfo;
    }

    public void setContactInfo(String contactInfo) {
        this.contactInfo = contactInfo;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Customer{" +
                "customerId=" + customerId +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", contactInfo='" + contactInfo + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

3.3 Reservation類

import java.util.Date;

public class Reservation {
    private int reservationId;
    private int customerId;
    private int roomNumber;
    private Date reservationDate;

    public Reservation(int reservationId, int customerId, int roomNumber, Date reservationDate) {
        this.reservationId = reservationId;
        this.customerId = customerId;
        this.roomNumber = roomNumber;
        this.reservationDate = reservationDate;
    }

    // Getters and Setters
    public int getReservationId() {
        return reservationId;
    }

    public void setReservationId(int reservationId) {
        this.reservationId = reservationId;
    }

    public int getCustomerId() {
        return customerId;
    }

    public void setCustomerId(int customerId) {
        this.customerId = customerId;
    }

    public int getRoomNumber() {
        return roomNumber;
    }

    public void setRoomNumber(int roomNumber) {
        this.roomNumber = roomNumber;
    }

    public Date getReservationDate() {
        return reservationDate;
    }

    public void setReservationDate(Date reservationDate) {
        this.reservationDate = reservationDate;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Reservation{" +
                "reservationId=" + reservationId +
                ", customerId=" + customerId +
                ", roomNumber=" + roomNumber +
                ", reservationDate=" + reservationDate +
                '}';
    }
}

3.4 Bill類

public class Bill {
    private int billId;
    private int customerId;
    private double amount;

    public Bill(int billId, int customerId, double amount) {
        this.billId = billId;
        this.customerId = customerId;
        this.amount = amount;
    }

    // Getters and Setters
    public int getBillId() {
        return billId;
    }

    public void setBillId(int billId) {
        this.billId = billId;
    }

    public int getCustomerId() {
        return customerId;
    }

    public void setCustomerId(int customerId) {
        this.customerId = customerId;
    }

    public double getAmount() {
        return amount;
    }

    public void setAmount(double amount) {
        this.amount = amount;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Bill{" +
                "billId=" + billId +
                ", customerId=" + customerId +
                ", amount=" + amount +
                '}';
    }
}

3.5 HotelManagementSystem類

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

public class HotelManagementSystem {
    private List<Room> rooms;
    private List<Customer> customers;
    private List<Reservation> reservations;
    private List<Bill> bills;

    public HotelManagementSystem() {
        rooms = new ArrayList<>();
        customers = new ArrayList<>();
        reservations = new ArrayList<>();
        bills = new ArrayList<>();
    }

    // 添加客房
    public void addRoom(Room room) {
        rooms.add(room);
    }

    // 刪除客房
    public void removeRoom(int roomNumber) {
        rooms.removeIf(room -> room.getRoomNumber() == roomNumber);
    }

    // 查詢客房
    public Room findRoom(int roomNumber) {
        for (Room room : rooms) {
            if (room.getRoomNumber() == roomNumber) {
                return room;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    // 添加客戶
    public void addCustomer(Customer customer) {
        customers.add(customer);
    }

    // 刪除客戶
    public void removeCustomer(int customerId) {
        customers.removeIf(customer -> customer.getCustomerId() == customerId);
    }

    // 查詢客戶
    public Customer findCustomer(int customerId) {
        for (Customer customer : customers) {
            if (customer.getCustomerId() == customerId) {
                return customer;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    // 添加預訂
    public void addReservation(Reservation reservation) {
        reservations.add(reservation);
    }

    // 刪除預訂
    public void removeReservation(int reservationId) {
        reservations.removeIf(reservation -> reservation.getReservationId() == reservationId);
    }

    // 查詢預訂
    public Reservation findReservation(int reservationId) {
        for (Reservation reservation : reservations) {
            if (reservation.getReservationId() == reservationId) {
                return reservation;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    // 添加賬單
    public void addBill(Bill bill) {
        bills.add(bill);
    }

    // 刪除賬單
    public void removeBill(int billId) {
        bills.removeIf(bill -> bill.getBillId() == billId);
    }

    // 查詢賬單
    public Bill findBill(int billId) {
        for (Bill bill : bills) {
            if (bill.getBillId() == billId) {
                return bill;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    // 打印所有客房
    public void printAllRooms() {
        for (Room room : rooms) {
            System.out.println(room);
        }
    }

    // 打印所有客戶
    public void printAllCustomers() {
        for (Customer customer : customers) {
            System.out.println(customer);
        }
    }

    // 打印所有預訂
    public void printAllReservations() {
        for (Reservation reservation : reservations) {
            System.out.println(reservation);
        }
    }

    // 打印所有賬單
    public void printAllBills() {
        for (Bill bill : bills) {
            System.out.println(bill);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HotelManagementSystem system = new HotelManagementSystem();

        // 添加客房
        system.addRoom(new Room(101, "Single", 100.0));
        system.addRoom(new Room(102, "Double", 150.0));

        // 添加客戶
        system.addCustomer(new Customer(1, "Alice", "123-456-7890"));
        system.addCustomer(new Customer(2, "Bob", "987-654-3210"));

        // 添加預訂
        system.addReservation(new Reservation(1, 1, 101, new Date()));
        system.addReservation(new Reservation(2, 2, 102, new Date()));

        // 添加賬單
        system.addBill(new Bill(1, 1, 100.0));
        system.addBill(new Bill(2, 2, 150.0));

        // 打印所有信息
        system.printAllRooms();
        system.printAllCustomers();
        system.printAllReservations();
        system.printAllBills();
    }
}

4. 總結

本文介紹了如何使用Java代碼實現一個簡單的酒店管理系統。通過設計Room、Customer、Reservation和Bill等類，并使用ArrayList來模擬數據庫，我們實現了基本的增刪改查功能。這個系統雖然簡單，但可以作為進一步開發的基礎。在實際應用中，可以考慮使用數據庫來存儲數據，并增加更多的功能模塊，如用戶權限管理、報表生成等。