今天小編給大家分享一下密碼系統AES私鑰RSA公鑰加解密的方法的相關知識點，內容詳細，邏輯清晰，相信大部分人都還太了解這方面的知識，所以分享這篇文章給大家參考一下，希望大家閱讀完這篇文章后有所收獲，下面我們一起來了解一下吧。
密鑰是成對存在的，加密和解密是采用不同的密鑰（公開密鑰），也就是非對稱密鑰密碼系統，每個通信方均需要兩個密鑰，即公鑰和私鑰，使用公鑰進行加密操作，使用私鑰進行解密操作。公鑰是公開的，不需要保密，而私鑰是由個人自己持有，并且必須妥善保管和注意保密。密碼學里面博大精深，下面的實例僅供參考
公鑰（Public Key）與私鑰（Private Key）是通過一種算法得到的一個密鑰對（即一個公鑰和一個私鑰），公鑰是密鑰對中公開的部分，私鑰則是非公開的部分。公鑰通常用于加密會話密鑰、驗證數字簽名，或加密可以用相應的私鑰解密的數據。通過這種算法得到的密鑰對能保證在世界范圍內是唯一的。使用這個密鑰對的時候，如果用其中一個密鑰加密一段數據，必須用另一個密鑰解密。比如用公鑰加密數據就必須用私鑰解密，如果用私鑰加密也必須用公鑰解密，否則解密將不會成功。
僅供參考
/**
* 數據加密 plainTextData要加密的字符串
* @param plainTextData
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static Map encrypt(String plainTextData)
throws Exception {
HashMap result = new HashMap();
// keySpec 生成對稱密鑰
KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance("AES");
keyGenerator.init(128);
SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
SecretKeySpec keySpec = new SecretKeySpec(secretKey.getEncoded(), "AES");
// RSA 用對方公鑰對‘對稱密鑰'進行加密
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
String keyFilePathName = pertery.getProperty("bsbank_Key_path")+"PublicKey.keystore";
cipher.init(Cipher.WRAP_MODE,
loadPublicKeyByStr(loadKeyByFile(keyFilePathName)));
byte[] wrappedKey = cipher.wrap(keySpec);
result.put("wrappedKey", Base64.encodeBase64String(wrappedKey));
// 加密數據
cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, keySpec);
byte[] encryptedData = cipher.doFinal(plainTextData.getBytes("UTF-8"));
result.put("encryptedData", Base64.encodeBase64String(encryptedData));
return result;
}
/**
* 數據解密 encryptedData
* @param encryptedData
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static Map decrypt(Map encryptedData)
throws Exception {
// 獲取密鑰
byte[] wrappedKey = Base64.decodeBase64(encryptedData.get("wrappedKey")
.toString());
HashMap result = new HashMap();
// RSA解密密鑰
Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("RSA");
String keyFilePathName = pertery.getProperty("bsbank_Key_path")+"privateKey.keystore";//使用對方的私鑰解密
cipher.init(Cipher.UNWRAP_MODE,
loadPrivateKeyByStr(loadKeyByFile(keyFilePathName)));
Key key = cipher.unwrap(wrappedKey, "AES", Cipher.SECRET_KEY);
// 解密數據
cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key);
byte[] decryptedData = cipher.doFinal(Base64.decodeBase64(encryptedData
.get("encryptedData").toString()));
result.put("decryptedData", new String(decryptedData, "UTF-8"));
result.put("wrappedKey", Base64.encodeBase64String(wrappedKey));
return result;
}
private static String loadKeyByFile(String filePathName) throws Exception {
BufferedReader br = null;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
try {
br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(filePathName));
String readLine = null;
while ((readLine = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(readLine);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw e;
} finally {
if (null != br) {
br.close();
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
private static RSAPublicKey loadPublicKeyByStr(String publicKeyStr)
throws Exception {
RSAPublicKey publicKey = null;
try {
byte[] buffer = Base64.decodeBase64(publicKeyStr);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("failed to load pubKey", e);
throw e;
}
return publicKey;
}
private static RSAPrivateKey loadPrivateKeyByStr(String privateKeyStr)
throws Exception {
RSAPrivateKey privateKey = null;
try {
byte[] buffer = Base64.decodeBase64(privateKeyStr);
KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(buffer);
privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("failed to loadPrivateKeyByStr", e);
throw e;
}
return privateKey;
}
/**
* 輸出公私鑰對
* @param filePath
* @throws Exception
*/
private static void genKeyPair(String filePath) throws Exception {
KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = null;
try {
keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance("RSA");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
logger.error("failed to do key gen", e);
throw e;
}
keyPairGen.initialize(1024, new SecureRandom());
KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
try {
String publicKeyString = Base64.encodeBase64String(publicKey
.getEncoded());
String privateKeyString = Base64.encodeBase64String(privateKey
.getEncoded());
FileWriter pubfw = new FileWriter(filePath + "/PublicKey.keystore");
FileWriter prifw = new FileWriter(filePath + "/PrivateKey.keystore");
BufferedWriter pubbw = new BufferedWriter(pubfw);
BufferedWriter pribw = new BufferedWriter(prifw);
pubbw.write(publicKeyString);
pribw.write(privateKeyString);
pubbw.flush();
pubbw.close();
pubfw.close();
pribw.flush();
pribw.close();
prifw.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error("failed to genKeypair", e);
}
}以上就是“密碼系統AES私鑰RSA公鑰加解密的方法”這篇文章的所有內容，感謝各位的閱讀！相信大家閱讀完這篇文章都有很大的收獲，小編每天都會為大家更新不同的知識，如果還想學習更多的知識，請關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
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