本篇內容主要講解“Android線程池是什么”,感興趣的朋友不妨來看看。本文介紹的方法操作簡單快捷,實用性強。下面就讓小編來帶大家學習“Android線程池是什么”吧!
我們都知道線程池的用法,一般就是先new一個ThreadPoolExecutor對象,再調用execute(Runnable runnable)傳入我們的Runnable,剩下的交給線程池處理就行了,于是這次我就從ThreadPoolExecutor的execute方法看起:
public void execute(Runnable command) {
if (command == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
/*
* Proceed in 3 steps:
*
* 1. If fewer than corePoolSize threads are running, try to
* start a new thread with the given command as its first
* task. The call to addWorker atomically checks runState and
* workerCount, and so prevents false alarms that would add
* threads when it shouldn't, by returning false.
*
* 2. If a task can be successfully queued, then we still need
* to double-check whether we should have added a thread
* (because existing ones died since last checking) or that
* the pool shut down since entry into this method. So we
* recheck state and if necessary roll back the enqueuing if
* stopped, or start a new thread if there are none.
*
* 3. If we cannot queue task, then we try to add a new
* thread. If it fails, we know we are shut down or saturated
* and so reject the task.
*/
int c = ctl.get();
//1.如果workerCountOf(c)即正在運行的線程數小于核心線程數,就執行addWork
if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
if (addWorker(command, true))
return;
c = ctl.get();
}
//2.如果線程池還在運行狀態并且把任務添加到任務隊列成功
if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
int recheck = ctl.get();
//3.如果線程池不在運行狀態并且從任務隊列移除任務成功,執行線程池飽和策略(默認直接拋出異常)
if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
reject(command);
//4.否則如果此時運行線程數==0,就直接調用addWork方法
else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
addWorker(null, false);
}
//5.如果2條件不成立,繼續判斷如果addWork返回false,執行線程池飽和策略
else if (!addWorker(command, false))
reject(command);
}大致過程就是如果核心線程未滿,則直接addWorker(該方法下面會再分析);如果核心線程已滿,則嘗試將任務加進消息隊列中,并再判斷如果此時運行線程數==0則調addWorker方法,否則不做任何處理(因為運行的線程處理完自己的任務后會去消息隊列中取任務來執行,下面會分析);如果任務隊列添加任務失敗,那么直接addWorker(),如果addWorker返回false,執行飽和策略,下面我們就來看看addWorker里面做了什么
/**
* @param firstTask the task the new thread should run first (or
* null if none). Workers are created with an initial first task
* (in method execute()) to bypass queuing when there are fewer
* than corePoolSize threads (in which case we always start one),
* or when the queue is full (in which case we must bypass queue).
* Initially idle threads are usually created via
* prestartCoreThread or to replace other dying workers.
*
* @param core if true use corePoolSize as bound, else
* maximumPoolSize. (A boolean indicator is used here rather than a
* value to ensure reads of fresh values after checking other pool
* state).
* @return true if successful
*/
private boolean addWorker(Runnable firstTask, boolean core) {
retry:
for (;;) {
int c = ctl.get();
int rs = runStateOf(c);
// Check if queue empty only if necessary.
if (rs >= SHUTDOWN &&
! (rs == SHUTDOWN &&
firstTask == null &&
! workQueue.isEmpty()))
return false;
for (;;) {
int wc = workerCountOf(c);
//1.如果正在運行的線程數大于corePoolSize 或 maximumPoolSize(core代表以核心線程數還是最大線程數為邊界),return false,表示addWorker失敗
if (wc >= CAPACITY ||
wc >= (core ? corePoolSize : maximumPoolSize))
return false;
//2.否則將運行線程數+1,并跳出這個for循環
if (compareAndIncrementWorkerCount(c))
break retry;
c = ctl.get(); // Re-read ctl
if (runStateOf(c) != rs)
continue retry;
// else CAS failed due to workerCount change; retry inner loop
}
}
boolean workerStarted = false;
boolean workerAdded = false;
Worker w = null;
try {
//3.創建一個Worker對象,傳入我們的runnable
w = new Worker(firstTask);
final Thread t = w.thread;
if (t != null) {
final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
mainLock.lock();
try {
// Recheck while holding lock.
// Back out on ThreadFactory failure or if
// shut down before lock acquired.
int rs = runStateOf(ctl.get());
if (rs < SHUTDOWN ||
(rs == SHUTDOWN && firstTask == null)) {
if (t.isAlive()) // precheck that t is startable
throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
workers.add(w);
int s = workers.size();
if (s > largestPoolSize)
largestPoolSize = s;
workerAdded = true;
}
} finally {
mainLock.unlock();
}
if (workerAdded) {
//4.開始啟動線程
t.start();
workerStarted = true;
}
}
} finally {
if (! workerStarted)
addWorkerFailed(w);
}
return workerStarted;
}Worker(Runnable firstTask) {
setState(-1); // inhibit interrupts until runWorker
this.firstTask = firstTask;
this.thread = getThreadFactory().newThread(this);
}
/** Delegates main run loop to outer runWorker. */
public void run() {
runWorker(this);
}
final void runWorker(Worker w) {
Thread wt = Thread.currentThread();
Runnable task = w.firstTask;
w.firstTask = null;
w.unlock(); // allow interrupts
boolean completedAbruptly = true;
try {
//1.當firstTask不為空或getTask不為空時一直循環
while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
w.lock();
// If pool is stopping, ensure thread is interrupted;
// if not, ensure thread is not interrupted. This
// requires a recheck in second case to deal with
// shutdownNow race while clearing interrupt
if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) ||
(Thread.interrupted() &&
runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) &&
!wt.isInterrupted())
wt.interrupt();
try {
beforeExecute(wt, task);
Throwable thrown = null;
try {
//2.執行任務
task.run();
} catch (RuntimeException x) {
thrown = x; throw x;
} catch (Error x) {
thrown = x; throw x;
} catch (Throwable x) {
thrown = x; throw new Error(x);
} finally {
afterExecute(task, thrown);
}
} finally {
task = null;
w.completedTasks++;
w.unlock();
}
}
completedAbruptly = false;
} finally {
processWorkerExit(w, completedAbruptly);
}
}可以看到addWorker方法主要就是先判斷正在運行線程數是否超過了最大線程數(具體根據邊界?。?,如果未超過則創建一個worker對象,其中firstTask是我們傳入的Runnable,當然根據上面的execute方法可知當4條件滿足時,傳入的firstTask是null,Thread是用ThreadFactory創建的線程,傳入的Runnable是Worker自己,最后開啟線程,于是執行Worker這里的run、runWorker方法,在runWorker方法里,開啟一個while循環,當firstTask不為空或getTask不為空時,執行task,下面我們接著看看getTask里面做了什么:
private Runnable getTask() {
boolean timedOut = false; // Did the last poll() time out?
for (;;) {
int c = ctl.get();
int rs = runStateOf(c);
// Check if queue empty only if necessary.
if (rs >= SHUTDOWN && (rs >= STOP || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
decrementWorkerCount();
return null;
}
int wc = workerCountOf(c);
// Are workers subject to culling?
//1.會不會淘汰空閑線程
boolean timed = allowCoreThreadTimeOut || wc > corePoolSize;
//2.return null意味著回收一個Worker即淘汰一個線程
if ((wc > maximumPoolSize || (timed && timedOut))
&& (wc > 1 || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
if (compareAndDecrementWorkerCount(c))
return null;
continue;
}
try {
//3.等待指定時間
Runnable r = timed ?
workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) :
workQueue.take();
if (r != null)
return r;
timedOut = true;
} catch (InterruptedException retry) {
timedOut = false;
}
}
}可以看1、2注釋,allowCoreThreadTimeOut代表存活一定時間是否對核心線程有效(默認為false),先看它為ture的情況,此時不管是核心線程還是非核心線程在3處都會等待一定時間(就是我們傳入的線程?;顣r間),等待時間內如果從任務隊列取到任務,則返回執行,否則timeout為true,繼續走到2,由于(timed && timedOut)和workQueue.isEmpty()均為true,返回null,代表回收一個線程;如果allowCoreThreadTimeOut為false,代表不回收核心線程,此時如果在3處沒有取到任務,繼續執行到2處,只有當wc > corePoolSize或wc > maximumPoolSize時才會執行return null,否則一直循環,相當于該線程一直處于運行狀態,直到從任務隊列拿到新的任務
到此,相信大家對“Android線程池是什么”有了更深的了解,不妨來實際操作一番吧!這里是億速云網站,更多相關內容可以進入相關頻道進行查詢,關注我們,繼續學習!
免責聲明:本站發布的內容(圖片、視頻和文字)以原創、轉載和分享為主,文章觀點不代表本網站立場,如果涉及侵權請聯系站長郵箱:is@yisu.com進行舉報,并提供相關證據,一經查實,將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權內容。