本篇內容主要講解“SpringBoot怎么整合sharding-jdbc實現分庫分表與讀寫分離”，感興趣的朋友不妨來看看。本文介紹的方法操作簡單快捷，實用性強。下面就讓小編來帶大家學習“SpringBoot怎么整合sharding-jdbc實現分庫分表與讀寫分離”吧!
本文將基于以下環境整合sharding-jdbc實現分庫分表與讀寫分離
springboot2.4.0
mybatis-plus3.4.3.1
mysql5.7主從
溫馨小提示：此sql執行時，如果之前有存在相應庫和表會進行自動刪除后再創建！
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS ds0; CREATE DATABASE ds0; USE ds0; SET NAMES utf8mb4; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for t_user0 -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user0`; CREATE TABLE `t_user0` ( `user_id` bigint(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵ID', `username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用戶名', `password` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密碼', `sex` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性別', `remark` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '備注', PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用戶' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for t_user1 -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user1`; CREATE TABLE `t_user1` ( `user_id` bigint(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵ID', `username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用戶名', `password` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密碼', `sex` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性別', `remark` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '備注', PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用戶' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1; -- =============================================================================================== DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS ds1; CREATE DATABASE ds1; USE ds1; SET NAMES utf8mb4; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for t_user0 -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user0`; CREATE TABLE `t_user0` ( `user_id` bigint(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵ID', `username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用戶名', `password` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密碼', `sex` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性別', `remark` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '備注', PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用戶' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for t_user1 -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user1`; CREATE TABLE `t_user1` ( `user_id` bigint(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主鍵ID', `username` varchar(20) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用戶名', `password` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密碼', `sex` tinyint(4) NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '性別', `remark` varchar(100) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '備注', PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 1 CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci COMMENT = '用戶' ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic; SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;
1、pom中引入依賴
<!-- sharding-jdbc --> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.shardingsphere/sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId> <artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>4.1.1</version> </dependency>
2、application.yml配置
spring:
# sharding-jdbc配置
shardingsphere:
# 是否開啟SQL顯示
props:
sql:
show: true
# ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 數據源配置 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================
datasource:
names: ds-master-0,ds-slave-0-1,ds-slave-0-2,ds-master-1,ds-slave-1-1,ds-slave-1-2
# ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 配置第1個主從庫 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================
# 主庫1
ds-master-0:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ds0?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否進行SSL連接 解決則加上 &useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
# 主庫1-從庫1
ds-slave-0-1:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/ds0?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否進行SSL連接 解決則加上 &useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
# 主庫1-從庫2
ds-slave-0-2:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/ds0?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否進行SSL連接 解決則加上 &useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
# ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 配置第2個主從庫 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================
# 主庫2
ds-master-1:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/ds1?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否進行SSL連接 解決則加上 &useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
# 主庫2-從庫1
ds-slave-1-1:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/ds1?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否進行SSL連接 解決則加上 &useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
# 主庫2-從庫2
ds-slave-1-2:
type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3307/ds1?allowMultiQueries=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false # MySQL在高版本需要指明是否進行SSL連接 解決則加上 &useSSL=false
username: root
password: root
sharding:
# ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 分庫分表配置 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================
# 分庫策略 => 根據user_id取模拆分到不同的庫中
default-database-strategy:
inline:
sharding-column: user_id
algorithm-expression: ds-master-$->{user_id % 2}
# 分表策略
tables:
t_user:
actual-data-nodes: ds-master-$->{0..1}.t_user$->{0..1}
key-generator:
column: user_id # 主鍵ID
type: SNOWFLAKE # 生成策略
# 添加數據分表策略
table-strategy:
inline:
# 添加數據分表字段(根據字段插入數據到那個表 ex：sex)
sharding-column: sex
# 分片算法表達式 => 根據用戶性別取模拆分到不同的表中
algorithm-expression: t_user$->{sex % 2}
# ====================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 讀寫分離配置 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ======================
master-slave-rules:
ds-master-0:
# 主庫
masterDataSourceName: ds-master-0
# 從庫
slaveDataSourceNames:
- ds-slave-0-1
- ds-slave-0-2
# 從庫查詢數據的負載均衡算法 目前有2種算法 round_robin（輪詢）和 random（隨機）
# 算法接口 org.apache.shardingsphere.spi.masterslave.MasterSlaveLoadBalanceAlgorithm
# 實現類 RandomMasterSlaveLoadBalanceAlgorithm 和 RoundRobinMasterSlaveLoadBalanceAlgorithm
loadBalanceAlgorithmType: ROUND_ROBIN
ds-master-1:
masterDataSourceName: ds-master-1
slaveDataSourceNames:
- ds-slave-1-1
- ds-slave-1-2
loadBalanceAlgorithmType: ROUND_ROBIN3、引入sharding-jdbc后數據源健康配置
解決啟動報錯問題: ConnectionCallback; isValid; nested exception is java.sql.SQLFeatureNotSupportedException: isValid
原因: springboot2.4數據源健康檢查
@Configuration
public class DataSourceHealthConfig extends DataSourceHealthContributorAutoConfiguration {
@Value("${spring.datasource.dbcp2.validation-query:select 1}")
private String defaultQuery;
public DataSourceHealthConfig(Map<String, DataSource> dataSources, ObjectProvider<DataSourcePoolMetadataProvider> metadataProviders) {
super(dataSources, metadataProviders);
}
@Override
protected AbstractHealthIndicator createIndicator(DataSource source) {
DataSourceHealthIndicator indicator = (DataSourceHealthIndicator) super.createIndicator(source);
if (!StringUtils.hasText(indicator.getQuery())) {
indicator.setQuery(defaultQuery);
}
return indicator;
}
}到此配置完成，然后就可以自己編寫CRUD進行測試了，配置比較簡單，屬于入門篇
# 環境準備 git clone https://gitee.com/zhengqingya/docker-compose.git cd docker-compose/Liunx # 運行 docker-compose -f docker-compose-mysql-master-slave.yml -p mysql-master-slave up -d
# ================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 配置主庫 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ================== # 進入主庫 docker exec -it mysql_master /bin/bash # 登錄mysql mysql -uroot -proot # 創建用戶slave，密碼123456 CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; # 授予slave用戶 `REPLICATION SLAVE`權限和`REPLICATION CLIENT`權限，用于在`主` `從` 數據庫之間同步數據 GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%'; # 授予所有權限則執行命令: GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'slave'@'%'; # 使操作生效 FLUSH PRIVILEGES; # 查看狀態 show master status; # 注：File和Position字段的值slave中將會用到，在slave操作完成之前不要操作master，否則將會引起狀態變化，即File和Position字段的值變化 !!! # +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ # | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | # +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ # | mysql-bin.000003 | 769 | | | | # +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+ # 1 row in set (0.00 sec) # ================== ↓↓↓↓↓↓ 配置從庫 ↓↓↓↓↓↓ ================== # 進入從庫 docker exec -it mysql_slave /bin/bash # 登錄mysql mysql -uroot -proot change master to master_host='www.zhengqingya.com',master_port=3306, master_user='slave', master_password='123456', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003', master_log_pos= 769, master_connect_retry=30; # 開啟主從同步過程 【停止命令：stop slave;】 start slave; # 查看主從同步狀態 show slave status \G # Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 都是Yes的話，就說明主從同步已經配置好了！ # 如果Slave_IO_Running為Connecting，SlaveSQLRunning為Yes，則說明配置有問題，這時候就要檢查配置中哪一步出現問題了哦，可根據Last_IO_Error字段信息排錯或谷歌… # *************************** 1. row *************************** # Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event # Master_Host: www.zhengqingya.com # Master_User: slave # Master_Port: 3306 # Connect_Retry: 30 # Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 # Read_Master_Log_Pos: 769 # Relay_Log_File: c598d8402b43-relay-bin.000002 # Relay_Log_Pos: 320 # Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003 # Slave_IO_Running: Yes # Slave_SQL_Running: Yes # Replicate_Do_DB:
到此，相信大家對“SpringBoot怎么整合sharding-jdbc實現分庫分表與讀寫分離”有了更深的了解，不妨來實際操作一番吧！這里是億速云網站，更多相關內容可以進入相關頻道進行查詢，關注我們，繼續學習！
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