這篇文章給大家分享的是有關C#中Foreach循環遍歷的示例分析的內容。小編覺得挺實用的,因此分享給大家做個參考,一起跟隨小編過來看看吧。

在Program類中寫一個foreach循環
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
List peopleList = new List() { "張三", "李四", "王五" };
foreach (string people in peopleList)
{
Console.WriteLine(people);
}
Console.ReadKey();
}
}生成項目將項目編譯后在debug目錄下用Reflection反編譯ForeachTest.exe程序集后查看Program類的IL代碼,IL代碼如下:
.class private auto ansi beforefieldinit Program
extends [mscorlib]System.Object
{
.method public hidebysig specialname rtspecialname instance void .ctor() cil managed
{
.maxstack 8
L_0000: ldarg.0
L_0001: call instance void [mscorlib]System.Object::.ctor()
L_0006: ret
}
.method private hidebysig static void Main(string[] args) cil managed
{
.entrypoint
.maxstack 2
.locals init (
[0] class [mscorlib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<string> list,
[1] string str,
[2] class [mscorlib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<string> list2,
[3] valuetype [mscorlib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1/Enumerator`0<string> enumerator,
[4] bool flag)
L_0000: nop
L_0001: newobj instance void [mscorlib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<string>::.ctor()
L_0006: stloc.2
L_0007: ldloc.2
L_0008: ldstr "\u5f20\u4e09"
L_000d: callvirt instance void [mscorlib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<string>::Add(!0)
L_0012: nop
L_0013: ldloc.2
L_0014: ldstr "\u674e\u56db"
L_0019: callvirt instance void [mscorlib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<string>::Add(!0)
L_001e: nop
L_001f: ldloc.2
L_0020: ldstr "\u738b\u4e94"
L_0025: callvirt instance void [mscorlib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<string>::Add(!0)
L_002a: nop
L_002b: ldloc.2
L_002c: stloc.0
L_002d: nop
L_002e: ldloc.0
L_002f: callvirt instance valuetype [mscorlib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1/Enumerator`0<!0> [mscorlib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1<string>::GetEnumerator()
L_0034: stloc.3
L_0035: br.s L_0048
L_0037: ldloca.s enumerator
L_0039: call instance !0 [mscorlib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1/Enumerator`0<string>::get_Current()
L_003e: stloc.1
L_003f: nop
L_0040: ldloc.1
L_0041: call void [mscorlib]System.Console::WriteLine(string)
L_0046: nop
L_0047: nop
L_0048: ldloca.s enumerator
L_004a: call instance bool [mscorlib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1/Enumerator`0<string>::MoveNext()
L_004f: stloc.s flag
L_0051: ldloc.s flag
L_0053: brtrue.s L_0037
L_0055: leave.s L_0066
L_0057: ldloca.s enumerator
L_0059: constrained. [mscorlib]System.Collections.Generic.List`1/Enumerator`0<string>
L_005f: callvirt instance void [mscorlib]System.IDisposable::Dispose()
L_0064: nop
L_0065: endfinally
L_0066: nop
L_0067: call valuetype [mscorlib]System.ConsoleKeyInfo [mscorlib]System.Console::ReadKey()
L_006c: pop
L_006d: ret
.try L_0035 to L_0057 finally handler L_0057 to L_0066
}
}在反編譯的IL代碼中我們看到除了構建List和其他輸出,然后多了三個方法:GetEnumerator(),get_Current() ,MoveNext() ,于是通過反編譯reflector查看List泛型類,在List里面找到GetEnumerator方法是繼承自接口IEnumerable 的方法,List實現的GetEnumerator方法代碼
public Enumerator GetEnumerator() => new Enumerator((List) this);
即返回一個Enumerator泛型類,然后傳入的參數是List泛型自己 this。接下來查看 Enumerator<T>泛型類
[Serializable, StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct Enumerator : IEnumerator<T>, IDisposable, IEnumerator
{
private List<T> list;
private int index;
private int version;
private T current;
internal Enumerator(List<T> list)
{
this.list = list;
this.index = 0;
this.version = list._version;
this.current = default(T);
}
public void Dispose()
{
}
public bool MoveNext()
{
List<T> list = this.list;
if ((this.version == list._version) && (this.index < list._size))
{
this.current = list._items[this.index];
this.index++;
return true;
}
return this.MoveNextRare();
}
private bool MoveNextRare()
{
if (this.version != this.list._version)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowInvalidOperationException(ExceptionResource.InvalidOperation_EnumFailedVersion);
}
this.index = this.list._size + 1;
this.current = default(T);
return false;
}
public T Current =>
this.current;
object IEnumerator.Current
{
get
{
if ((this.index == 0) || (this.index == (this.list._size + 1)))
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowInvalidOperationException(ExceptionResource.InvalidOperation_EnumOpCantHappen);
}
return this.Current;
}
}
void IEnumerator.Reset()
{
if (this.version != this.list._version)
{
ThrowHelper.ThrowInvalidOperationException(ExceptionResource.InvalidOperation_EnumFailedVersion);
}
this.index = 0;
this.current = default(T);
}
}我們看到這個Enumerator<T>泛型類實現了接口IEnumerator的方法,也就是我們測試的ForeachTest程序集反編譯后IL代碼中出現的get_Current() ,MoveNext() 方法。所以foreach實際上是編譯器編譯后先調用GetEnumerator方法返回Enumerator的實例,這個實例即是一個枚舉器實例。通過MoveNext方法移動下標來查找下一個list元素,get_Current方法獲取當前查找到的元素,Reset方法是重置list。
因此要使用Foreach遍歷的對象是繼承了IEnumerable接口然后實現GetEnumerator方法。返回的實體對象需要繼承IEnumerator接口并實現相應的方法遍歷對象。因此Foreach的另一種寫法如下。

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