這篇文章主要為大家展示了“C++如何實現算法兩個數字相加”,內容簡而易懂,條理清晰,希望能夠幫助大家解決疑惑,下面讓小編帶領大家一起研究并學習一下“C++如何實現算法兩個數字相加”這篇文章吧。
You have two numbers represented by a linked list, where each node contains a single digit. The digits are stored in reverse order, such that the 1's digit is at the head of the list. Write a function that adds the two numbers and returns the sum as a linked list.
EXAMPLE
Input: (7-> 1 -> 6) + (5 -> 9 -> 2).That is, 617 + 295.
Output: 2 -> 1 -> 9.That is, 912.
FOLLOW UP
Suppose the digits are stored in forward order. Repeat the above problem.
EXAMPLE
Input: (6 -> 1 -> 7) + (2 -> 9 -> 5).That is, 617 + 295.
Output: 9 -> 1 -> 2.That is, 912.
LeetCode上的原題,請參考另一篇文檔Add Two Numbers 兩個數字相加。
跟那道LeetCode有所不同的是,這道題還有個Follow Up,把鏈表存的數字方向變了,原來是表頭存最低位,現在是表頭存最高位。既然是翻轉了鏈表,那么一種直接的解法是把兩個輸入鏈表都各自翻轉一下,然后用之前的方法相加完成,再把得到的結果翻轉一次,就是結果了,翻轉鏈表的方法可以參考另一篇文檔Reverse Linked List 倒置鏈表。代碼如下:
解法一:
// Follow up
class Solution {
public:
ListNode *addTwoNumbers(ListNode *l1, ListNode *l2) {
ListNode *dummy = new ListNode(-1);
ListNode *cur = dummy;
int carry = 0;
l1 = reverseList(l1);
l2 = reverseList(l2);
while (l1 || l2) {
int n1 = l1 ? l1->val : 0;
int n2 = l2 ? l2->val : 0;
int sum = n1 + n2 + carry;
carry = sum / 10;
cur->next = new ListNode(sum % 10);
cur = cur->next;
if (l1) l1 = l1->next;
if (l2) l2 = l2->next;
}
if (carry) cur->next = new ListNode(1);
return reverseList(dummy->next);
}
ListNode *reverseList(ListNode *head) {
if (!head) return head;
ListNode *dummy = new ListNode(-1);
dummy->next = head;
ListNode *cur = head;
while (cur->next) {
ListNode *tmp = cur->next;
cur->next = tmp->next;
tmp->next = dummy->next;
dummy->next = tmp;
}
return dummy->next;
}
};如果我們不采用翻轉鏈表的方法該怎么做呢,這就比較復雜了。首先我們要縣分別計算出兩個鏈表的長度,然后給稍短一點的鏈表前面補0,補到和另一個鏈表相同的長度。由于要從低位開始相加,而低位是鏈表的末尾,所以我們采用遞歸來處理,先遍歷到鏈表的末尾,然后從后面相加,進位標示符carry用的是引用,這樣保證了再遞歸回溯時值可以正確傳遞,每次計算的節點后面接上上一次回溯的節點,直到回到首節點完成遞歸。最后還是處理最高位的進位問題。代碼如下:
解法二:
// Follow up
class Solution {
public:
ListNode *addTwoNumbers(ListNode *l1, ListNode *l2) {
int n1 = 0, n2 = 0, carry = 0;;
n1 = getLength(l1);
n2 = getLength(l2);
if (n1 > n2) l2 = padList(l2, n1 - n2);
if (n2 > n1) l1 = padList(l1, n2 - n1);
ListNode *res = addTwoNumbersDFS(l1, l2, carry);
if (carry == 1) {
ListNode *tmp = new ListNode(1);
tmp->next = res;
res = tmp;
}
return res;
}
ListNode *addTwoNumbersDFS(ListNode *l1, ListNode *l2, int &carry) {
if (!l1 && !l2) return NULL;
ListNode *list = addTwoNumbersDFS(l1->next, l2->next, carry);
int sum = l1->val + l2->val + carry;
ListNode *res = new ListNode(sum % 10);
res->next = list;
carry = sum / 10;
return res;
}
ListNode *padList(ListNode *list, int len) {
ListNode *dummy = new ListNode(-1);
ListNode *cur = dummy;
for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
cur->next = new ListNode(0);
cur = cur->next;
}
cur->next = list;
return dummy->next;
}
int getLength(ListNode *list) {
ListNode *cur = list;
int res = 0;
while (cur) {
++res;
cur = cur->next;
}
return res;
}
};以上是“C++如何實現算法兩個數字相加”這篇文章的所有內容,感謝各位的閱讀!相信大家都有了一定的了解,希望分享的內容對大家有所幫助,如果還想學習更多知識,歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道!
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