# jBPM中Sequence Flow如何使用
## 1. 什么是Sequence Flow
Sequence Flow(順序流)是jBPM工作流引擎中最基礎也是最核心的連接元素之一,它定義了流程中各個節點之間的執行順序和流轉路徑。在BPMN 2.0規范中,Sequence Flow用帶箭頭的實線表示,箭頭方向代表流程的推進方向。
### 1.1 核心特性
- **方向性**:始終從源節點指向目標節點
- **無條件性**:默認情況下會立即觸發流轉
- **顯式路由**:明確指定流程的走向
- **可配置性**:支持條件表達式等多種配置
## 2. Sequence Flow的基本使用
### 2.1 在流程定義中添加Sequence Flow
在jBPM的流程定義文件(通常是.bpmn或.bpmn2格式)中,Sequence Flow通過XML元素定義:
```xml
<sequenceFlow id="flow1" sourceRef="startEvent" targetRef="task1"/>
通過jBPM API創建Sequence Flow:
ProcessBuilder builder = ProcessBuilder.createProcess("com.sample.myprocess");
builder
// 添加節點
.startNode(1).name("Start").done()
.humanTaskNode(2).name("Approval Task").actor("manager").done()
.endNode(3).name("End").done()
// 添加Sequence Flow
.connection(1, 2)
.connection(2, 3);
當需要根據條件決定流程走向時,可以配置條件表達式:
<sequenceFlow id="conditionalFlow" sourceRef="decisionNode" targetRef="approvalTask">
<conditionExpression xsi:type="tFormalExpression">
<![CDATA[#{amount > 10000}]]>
</conditionExpression>
</sequenceFlow>
注意事項: - 條件表達式需返回布爾值 - 使用MVEL或JUEL表達式語言 - 源節點必須是網關或具有多個出口的節點
在排他網關中指定默認路徑:
<sequenceFlow id="defaultFlow" sourceRef="exclusiveGateway" targetRef="defaultTask"
isDefault="true"/>
通過代碼動態確定流程走向:
ksession.signalEvent("CustomSignal", null, processInstance.getId());
然后在流程定義中配置信號事件:
<sequenceFlow id="signalFlow" sourceRef="waitState" targetRef="nextStep">
<conditionExpression xsi:type="tFormalExpression">
<![CDATA[#{signal == 'CustomSignal'}]]>
</conditionExpression>
</sequenceFlow>
Start → 部門審批 → 財務審批 → 總經理審批 → End
對應的Sequence Flow配置:
<sequenceFlow id="flow1" sourceRef="start" targetRef="deptApproval"/>
<sequenceFlow id="flow2" sourceRef="deptApproval" targetRef="financeApproval"/>
<sequenceFlow id="flow3" sourceRef="financeApproval" targetRef="ceoApproval"/>
<sequenceFlow id="flow4" sourceRef="ceoApproval" targetRef="end"/>
→ 高級審批 →
開始 → 金額判斷 → → 結束
→ 普通審批 →
配置示例:
<sequenceFlow id="highFlow" sourceRef="decision" targetRef="highApproval">
<conditionExpression>#{amount > 5000}</conditionExpression>
</sequenceFlow>
<sequenceFlow id="normalFlow" sourceRef="decision" targetRef="normalApproval">
<conditionExpression>#{amount <= 5000}</conditionExpression>
</sequenceFlow>
<sequenceFlow id="retryFlow" sourceRef="qualityCheck" targetRef="rework">
<conditionExpression>#{!qualityPassed}</conditionExpression>
</sequenceFlow>
<sequenceFlow id="nextFlow" sourceRef="qualityCheck" targetRef="packaging"
isDefault="true"/>
流程不繼續執行:
條件不生效:
ksession.addEventListener(new DebugProcessEventListener());
List<Node> activeNodes = ((WorkflowProcessInstance)processInstance)
.getNodeInstances();
ProcessInstanceDiagram.generateDiagram(processInstance, "output.png");
減少不必要的條件判斷:
批量處理:
緩存設計:
<sequenceFlow id="managerApprovalPath" name="Manager Approval Path">
<documentation>Path for requests over $10,000</documentation>
</sequenceFlow>
異常處理:
版本控制:
<exclusiveGateway id="decisionPoint"/>
<sequenceFlow id="flowA" sourceRef="decisionPoint" targetRef="taskA">
<conditionExpression>#{var == 'A'}</conditionExpression>
</sequenceFlow>
<sequenceFlow id="flowB" sourceRef="decisionPoint" targetRef="taskB">
<conditionExpression>#{var == 'B'}</conditionExpression>
</sequenceFlow>
<sequenceFlow id="intoSubprocess" sourceRef="callActivity" targetRef="subProcessStart"/>
<sequenceFlow id="outFromSubprocess" sourceRef="subProcessEnd" targetRef="nextTask"/>
Sequence Flow作為jBPM流程的”血管系統”,其合理設計直接影響流程的清晰度和執行效率。關鍵要點包括:
通過掌握Sequence Flow的各種配置方法和使用技巧,可以構建出既滿足業務需求又易于維護的工作流系統。 “`
免責聲明:本站發布的內容(圖片、視頻和文字)以原創、轉載和分享為主,文章觀點不代表本網站立場,如果涉及侵權請聯系站長郵箱:is@yisu.com進行舉報,并提供相關證據,一經查實,將立刻刪除涉嫌侵權內容。