這期內容當中小編將會給大家帶來有關什么是監控工具Linux iotop,文章內容豐富且以專業的角度為大家分析和敘述,閱讀完這篇文章希望大家可以有所收獲。
iotop的簡介:
iotop是一款開源、免費的用來監控磁盤I/O使用狀況的類似top命令的工具,iotop可以監控進程的I/O信息。它是Python語言編寫的,與iostat工具比較,iostat是系統級別的IO監控,而iotop是進程級別IO監控。目前最新的版本為iotop 0.6。其官方網址http://guichaz.free.fr/iotop/[1]
iotop的安裝:
注意,iotop的安裝有前提條件(如果操作系統不滿足這些條件,iotop無法正確安裝):
1:內核版本為2.6.20或更高版本
2:Python 2.7或更高的版本
官方文檔的詳細介紹如下:
Linux has always been able to show how much I/O was going on (the bi and bo columns of the vmstat 1 command).
Iotop is a Python program with a top like UI used to show of behalf of which process is the I/O going on. It requires Python ≥ 2.7 and a Linux kernel ≥ 2.6.20 with the TASK_DELAY_ACCT CONFIG_TASKSTATS, TASK_IO_ACCOUNTING and CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS options on.
iotop的yum安裝
yum安裝是最簡單、快捷的。前提條件是你有配置yum的源配置。
[root@DB-Server ~]# python -V Python 2.7.5 [root@DB-Server ~]# uname -a Linux DB-Server 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Apr 20 16:44:24 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [root@DB-Server ~]# [root@DB-Server ~]# yum -y install iotop
iotop的源碼安裝
wget http://guichaz.free.fr/iotop/files/iotop-0.6.tar.bz2 tar -xvf iotop-0.6.tar.gz cd iotop-0.6 python setup.py build python setup.py install
iotop的參數
# iotop --help Usage: /usr/local/sbin/iotop [OPTIONS] DISK READ and DISK WRITE are the block I/O bandwidth used during the sampling period. SWAPIN and IO are the percentages of time the thread spent respectively while swapping in and waiting on I/O more generally. PRIO is the I/O priority at which the thread is running (set using the ionice command). Controls: left and right arrows to change the sorting column, r to invert the sorting order, o to toggle the --only option, p to toggle the --processes option, a to toggle the --accumulated option, i to change I/O priority, q to quit, any other key to force a refresh. Options: --version show program's version number and exit -h, --help show this help message and exit -o, --only only show processes or threads actually doing I/O -b, --batch non-interactive mode -n NUM, --iter=NUM number of iterations before ending [infinite] -d SEC, --delay=SEC delay between iterations [1 second] -p PID, --pid=PID processes/threads to monitor [all] -u USER, --user=USER users to monitor [all] -P, --processes only show processes, not all threads -a, --accumulated show accumulated I/O instead of bandwidth -k, --kilobytes use kilobytes instead of a human friendly unit -t, --time add a timestamp on each line (implies --batch) -q, --quiet suppress some lines of header (implies --batch)
iotop的快捷鍵
r:反向排序,
o:切換至選項--only,
p:切換至--processes選項,
a:切換至--accumulated選項
q:退出
i:改變線程的優先級
iotop的例子
1:只顯示正在產生I/O的進程
# iotop -o

2:使用非交互模式將iotop命令輸出信息寫入日志
#nohup iotop -b -o -n 10 -d 5 -t > /tmp/iotop.log &
3:借助iotop命令找到消耗I/O最高的進程,然后通過進程找到其正在執行的SQL語句
# iotop -oP PID PRIO USER DISK READ DISK WRITE SWAPIN IO> COMMAND 11741 be/4 oracle 4.70 M/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 98.60 % ora_s004_SCM2 11739 be/4 oracle 66.99 M/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 93.30 % ora_s005_SCM2 11741 be/4 oracle 21.76 M/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 91.78 % ora_s006_SCM2 11743 be/4 oracle 4.87 M/s 3.78 M/s 0.00 % 27.74 % ora_s007_SCM2 11745 be/4 oracle 62.39 K/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 2.88 % ora_s008_SCM2 11733 be/4 oracle 39.00 K/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 2.08 % ora_s002_SCM2 11697 be/4 oracle 0.00 B/s 1879.61 K/s 0.00 % 0.30 % ora_dbw0_SCM2 11699 be/4 oracle 0.00 B/s 102.36 K/s 0.00 % 0.20 % ora_lgwr_SCM2
在找到消耗I/O最大的進程后,找出ORACLE進程正在執行的SQL語句
SQL> @getsql_by_spid.sql Enter value for pid: 11741 old 13: WHERE c.spid = '&pid')) new 13: WHERE c.spid = '11741')) SQL_TEXT -------------------------------------------- ...............................(實際環境中,這里會輸出SQL語句)
getsql_by_spid.sql腳本如下所示:
SELECT /*+ ORDERED */ sql_text FROM v$sqltext a WHERE (a.hash_value, a.address) IN ( SELECT DECODE (sql_hash_value, 0, prev_hash_value, sql_hash_value ), DECODE (sql_hash_value, 0, prev_sql_addr, sql_address) FROM v$session b WHERE b.paddr = (SELECT addr FROM v$process c WHERE c.spid = '&pid')) ORDER BY piece ASC /
這里只簡單列了幾個例子,因為iotop命令非常簡單,了解iotop的參數和快捷方式后,基本上只需根據實際需求去獲取進程或信息的I/O信息,剩下就是分析判斷了。
上述就是小編為大家分享的什么是監控工具Linux iotop了,如果剛好有類似的疑惑,不妨參照上述分析進行理解。如果想知道更多相關知識,歡迎關注億速云行業資訊頻道。
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