怎么在DataGridView中實現右鍵菜單自定義顯示及隱藏列功能？針對這個問題，這篇文章詳細介紹了相對應的分析和解答，希望可以幫助更多想解決這個問題的小伙伴找到更簡單易行的方法。
1、新建一個自定義控件，命名為：PopupMenuControl。
2、在PopupMenuControl.Designet文件中的InitializeComponent()方法下面，注冊以下事件：
this.Paint += new System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventHandler(this.PopupMenuControl_Paint); this.MouseDown += new System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventHandler(this.PopupMenuControl_MouseDown); this.MouseMove += new System.Windows.Forms.MouseEventHandler(this.PopupMenuControl_MouseMove);
3、PopupMenuControl的代碼：
public partial class PopupMenuControl : UserControl
{ public delegate void CheckedChanged(int hitIndex, bool isChecked); //勾選改變委托
public event CheckedChanged CheckedChangedEvent; //勾選改變事件
PopupMenuHelper popupMenuHelper = null; //菜單幫助類，主要負責菜單繪制。
public PopupMenuControl()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
public void Initialize(DataGridView dgvTarget)
{
//菜單幫助類實例化
popupMenuHelper = new PopupMenuHelper();
//將列標題添加到items
foreach (DataGridViewColumn column in dgvTarget.Columns)
{
popupMenuHelper.AddItem(column.HeaderText, column.Visible);
}
//菜單繪制
popupMenuHelper.Prepare(CreateGraphics());
Width = popupMenuHelper.Width;
Height = popupMenuHelper.Height;
}
/// <summary>
/// 繪制
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void PopupMenuControl_Paint(object sender, PaintEventArgs e)
{
popupMenuHelper.Draw(e.Graphics);
}
/// <summary>
/// 鼠標移過
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void PopupMenuControl_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (popupMenuHelper.IsMouseMove(e.X, e.Y))
{
popupMenuHelper.Draw(CreateGraphics());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 鼠標按下
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void PopupMenuControl_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (popupMenuHelper.IsMouseDown(e.X, e.Y))
{
int hitIndex = popupMenuHelper.HitIndex;
if (hitIndex != -1)
{
bool isChecked = popupMenuHelper.IsCheckedChange(hitIndex, CreateGraphics());
OnCheckedChanged(hitIndex, isChecked);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 勾選改變
/// </summary>
/// <param name="iIndex"></param>
/// <param name="bChecked"></param>
public virtual void OnCheckedChanged(int hitIndex, bool isChecked)
{
CheckedChangedEvent?.Invoke(hitIndex, isChecked);
}
}4、這上面涉及到一個PopupMenuHelper的幫助類，此幫助類主要是為PopupMenuControl控件實現菜單繪制的功能，其代碼如下：
class PopupMenuHelper
{
//變量
private PopupMenuItem hotItem = null; //當前Item
private List<PopupMenuItem> items = new List<PopupMenuItem>(); //Item集合
private Bitmap bitmap; //位圖
private Graphics graphics; //圖像
private static readonly int BasicConst = 24; //Item：高度、Image寬度
private static readonly int BasicGap = 3; //四周間距
private static readonly int BasicRows = 3; //最大行數
private static readonly int BasicSide = 10; //Item：CheckBox邊長(建議用偶數)
private int totality = 1; //分割總數
private int[] eachWidth = null; //各個寬度
//屬性
public int Width { get { return bitmap.Width; } } //寬度
public int Height { get { return bitmap.Height; } } //高度
//PopupMenuItem類
private class PopupMenuItem
{
//屬性
public string ItemText { get; set; } //Item文本
public bool IsChecked { get; set; } //勾選狀態
//構造函數
public PopupMenuItem(string itemText) : this(itemText, false)
{
}
public PopupMenuItem(string itemText, bool isChecked)
{
ItemText = itemText;
IsChecked = isChecked;
}
}
//無參構造函數
public PopupMenuHelper()
{
}
/// <summary>
/// 被點擊Item的Index
/// </summary>
public int HitIndex
{
get
{
return items.IndexOf(hotItem);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 勾選改變狀態
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hitIndex">被點擊Item的Index</param>
/// <param name="g">圖像</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool IsCheckedChange(int hitIndex, Graphics g)
{
items[hitIndex].IsChecked = !items[hitIndex].IsChecked;
Draw(g);
return items[hitIndex].IsChecked;
}
/// <summary>
/// 添加Item
/// </summary>
/// <param name="itemText">Item文本</param>
/// <param name="isChecked">Item勾選狀態</param>
public void AddItem(string itemText, bool isChecked)
{
items.Add(new PopupMenuItem(itemText, isChecked));
}
/// <summary>
/// 繪制菜單準備
/// </summary>
/// <param name="g">圖像</param>
public void Prepare(Graphics g)
{
//獲取菜單的寬度及高度
totality = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)items.Count / BasicRows);
eachWidth = new int[totality];
int totalWidth = 0, totalHeight = 0;
double maxTextWidth = 0;
if (totality == 1)
{
totalHeight = items.Count * BasicConst + 2 * BasicGap;
foreach (PopupMenuItem item in items)
{
//SizeF：存儲有序浮點數對，通常為矩形的寬度和高度。
SizeF sizeF = g.MeasureString(item.ItemText, SystemInformation.MenuFont);
maxTextWidth = Math.Max(maxTextWidth, sizeF.Width);
}
totalWidth = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)maxTextWidth) + BasicConst + 2 * BasicGap;
eachWidth[0] = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)maxTextWidth) + BasicConst;
}
else
{
totalHeight = BasicRows * BasicConst + 2 * BasicGap;
int rows = 0, cols = 1;
foreach (PopupMenuItem item in items)
{
rows++;
//SizeF：存儲有序浮點數對，通常為矩形的寬度和高度。
SizeF sizeF = g.MeasureString(item.ItemText, SystemInformation.MenuFont);
maxTextWidth = Math.Max(maxTextWidth, sizeF.Width);
if (cols < totality)
{
//1..[totality-1]列
if (rows == BasicRows)
{
totalWidth += (int)Math.Ceiling((double)maxTextWidth) + BasicConst;
eachWidth[cols - 1] = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)maxTextWidth) + BasicConst;
maxTextWidth = 0;
cols++;
rows = 0;
}
}
else
{
//totality列
if ((cols - 1) * BasicRows + rows == items.Count)
{
totalWidth += (int)Math.Ceiling((double)maxTextWidth) + BasicConst + 2 * BasicGap;
eachWidth[cols - 1] = (int)Math.Ceiling((double)maxTextWidth) + BasicConst;
}
}
}
}
//圖像初始化
bitmap = new Bitmap(totalWidth, totalHeight);
graphics = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap);
}
/// <summary>
/// 繪制菜單
/// </summary>
/// <param name="g"></param>
public void Draw(Graphics g)
{
Rectangle area = new Rectangle(0, 0, bitmap.Width, bitmap.Height);
graphics.Clear(SystemColors.Menu);
DrawBackground(graphics, area);
DrawItems(graphics);
g.DrawImage(bitmap, area, area, GraphicsUnit.Pixel);
}
/// <summary>
/// 繪制菜單背景
/// </summary>
/// <param name="g"></param>
/// <param name="area"></param>
private void DrawBackground(Graphics g, Rectangle area)
{
//描邊
using (Pen borderPen = new Pen(Color.FromArgb(112, 112, 112)))
g.DrawRectangle(borderPen, area);
//Image及Text
int left = BasicGap, top = BasicGap;
if (totality == 1)
{
Rectangle imageArea = new Rectangle(left, top, BasicConst, items.Count * BasicConst);
using (Brush backBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(240, 240, 240)))
g.FillRectangle(backBrush, imageArea);
Rectangle textArea = new Rectangle(left + BasicConst, top, eachWidth[0], items.Count * BasicConst);
using (Brush backBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(255, 255, 255)))
g.FillRectangle(backBrush, textArea);
}
else
{
for (int i = 0; i < totality; i++)
{
Rectangle imageArea = new Rectangle(left, top, BasicConst, BasicRows * BasicConst);
using (Brush backBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(240, 240, 240)))
g.FillRectangle(backBrush, imageArea);
Rectangle textArea = new Rectangle(left + BasicConst, top, eachWidth[i], BasicRows * BasicConst);
using (Brush backBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(255, 255, 255)))
g.FillRectangle(backBrush, textArea);
left += eachWidth[i];
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 繪制所有菜單Item
/// </summary>
/// <param name="g">圖像</param>
private void DrawItems(Graphics g)
{
int left = BasicGap, top = BasicGap;
int rows = 0, cols = 1;
foreach (PopupMenuItem item in items)
{
if (totality == 1)
{
DrawSingleItem(g, left, ref top, eachWidth[0], item, item == hotItem);
}
else
{
rows++;
DrawSingleItem(g, left, ref top, eachWidth[cols - 1], item, item == hotItem);
//1..[totality-1]列
if (rows % BasicRows == 0)
{
left += eachWidth[cols - 1];
top = BasicGap;
cols++;
rows = 0;
}
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 繪制單個菜單Item
/// </summary>
/// <param name="g">圖像</param>
/// <param name="top">圖像Top</param>
/// <param name="item">菜單Item</param>
/// <param name="isHotItem">是否為當前菜單Item</param>
private void DrawSingleItem(Graphics g, int left, ref int top,int width, PopupMenuItem item, bool isHotItem)
{
//Item區域
Rectangle drawRect = new Rectangle(left, top, width, BasicConst);
top += BasicConst;
//Text區域
Rectangle itemTextArea = new Rectangle
(
drawRect.Left + BasicConst,
drawRect.Top,
drawRect.Width - BasicConst,
drawRect.Height
);
//背景色及描邊色
if (isHotItem)
{
//HotItem
Rectangle hotItemArea = new Rectangle(drawRect.Left, drawRect.Top, drawRect.Width, drawRect.Height);
using (SolidBrush backBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(214, 235, 255)))
g.FillRectangle(backBrush, hotItemArea);
using (Pen borderPen = new Pen(Color.FromArgb(51, 153, 255)))
g.DrawRectangle(borderPen, hotItemArea);
}
//Text處理
StringFormat itemTextFormat = new StringFormat();
//NoClip：允許顯示字形符號的伸出部分和延伸到矩形外的未換行文本。
//NoWrap：在矩形內設置格式時，禁用自動換行功能。
itemTextFormat.FormatFlags = StringFormatFlags.NoClip | StringFormatFlags.NoWrap;
//Near：指定文本靠近布局對齊。
itemTextFormat.Alignment = StringAlignment.Near;
//Center：指定文本在布局矩形中居中對齊(呃，感覺不是很垂直居中，偏上了一些)。
itemTextFormat.LineAlignment = StringAlignment.Center;
//Show：顯示熱鍵前綴。
itemTextFormat.HotkeyPrefix = HotkeyPrefix.Show;
SolidBrush textBrush = new SolidBrush(SystemColors.MenuText);
g.DrawString(item.ItemText, SystemInformation.MenuFont, textBrush, itemTextArea, itemTextFormat);
//Checkbox處理
if (item.IsChecked)
{
int checkBoxGap = (int)((drawRect.Height - BasicSide) / 2);
int checkBoxLeft = drawRect.Left + checkBoxGap;
int checkBoxTop = drawRect.Top + checkBoxGap;
//將checkBoxArea的Top減1，與文本的對齊效果稍微好一些。
Rectangle checkBoxArea = new Rectangle(checkBoxLeft, checkBoxTop - 1, BasicSide, BasicSide);
using (Brush checkBoxBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.FromArgb(214, 235, 255)))
g.FillRectangle(checkBoxBrush, checkBoxArea);
using (Pen checkBoxPen = new Pen(Color.FromArgb(51, 153, 255)))
g.DrawRectangle(checkBoxPen, checkBoxArea);
using (Pen checkBoxTick = new Pen(Color.FromArgb(51, 153, 255)))
{
g.DrawLine(checkBoxTick, new Point(checkBoxLeft, checkBoxTop - 1 + (int)(BasicSide / 2)), new Point(checkBoxLeft + (int)(BasicSide / 2), checkBoxTop - 1 + BasicSide));
g.DrawLine(checkBoxTick, new Point(checkBoxLeft + (int)(BasicSide / 2), checkBoxTop - 1 + BasicSide), new Point(checkBoxLeft + BasicSide + BasicGap, checkBoxTop - 1 - BasicGap));
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 點擊測試
/// </summary>
/// <param name="X">X坐標</param>
/// <param name="Y">Y坐標</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private PopupMenuItem HitTest(int X, int Y)
{
if (X < 0 || X > Width || Y < 0 || Y > Height)
{
return null;
}
int left = BasicGap, top = BasicGap;
int rows = 0, cols = 1;
foreach (PopupMenuItem item in items)
{
if (totality == 1)
{
rows++;
if (X > left && X < left + eachWidth[0] && Y > top + (rows - 1) * BasicConst && Y < top + rows * BasicConst)
{
return item;
}
}
else
{
rows++;
if (X > left && X < left + eachWidth[cols - 1] && Y > top + (rows - 1) * BasicConst && Y < top + rows * BasicConst)
{
return item;
}
//1..[totality-1]列
if (rows % BasicRows == 0)
{
left += eachWidth[cols - 1];
top = BasicGap;
cols++;
rows = 0;
}
}
}
return null;
}
/// <summary>
/// 是否是鼠標移過
/// </summary>
/// <param name="X">X坐標</param>
/// <param name="Y">Y坐標</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool IsMouseMove(int X, int Y)
{
PopupMenuItem popupMenuItem = HitTest(X, Y);
if (popupMenuItem != hotItem)
{
hotItem = popupMenuItem;
return true;
}
else
{
return false;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 是否是鼠標按下
/// </summary>
/// <param name="X">X坐標</param>
/// <param name="Y">Y坐標</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool IsMouseDown(int X, int Y)
{
PopupMenuItem popupMenuItem = HitTest(X, Y);
return popupMenuItem != null;
}
}這個類實現了多菜單頁面的功能：即如果DataGridView字段非常的多，可通過產生多列菜單來顯示，程序是通過BasicRows變量來控制。
5、新建一個DataGridViewColumnSelector類，此類的功能主要是銜接DataGridView與PopupMenuControl，其代碼如下：
/// <summary>
/// DataGridView右鍵菜單自定義顯示及隱藏列
/// </summary>
class DataGridViewColumnSelector
{
private DataGridView dgvTarget = null; //待處理的DataGridView對象
private ToolStripDropDown dropDown; //用于加載PopupMenu控件
PopupMenuControl popupMenuControl = new PopupMenuControl(); //PopupMenu控件
//無參構造函數
public DataGridViewColumnSelector()
{
//注冊PopupMenu控件事件
popupMenuControl.CheckedChangedEvent += new PopupMenuControl.CheckedChanged(OnCheckedChanged);
//使用容器承載PopupMenu控件(相當于容器類型的ToolStripItem)
ToolStripControlHost controlHost = new ToolStripControlHost(popupMenuControl);
controlHost.Padding = Padding.Empty;
controlHost.Margin = Padding.Empty;
controlHost.AutoSize = false;
//加載PopupMenu控件
dropDown = new ToolStripDropDown();
dropDown.Padding = Padding.Empty;
dropDown.AutoClose = true;
dropDown.Items.Add(controlHost);
}
//有參構造函數
public DataGridViewColumnSelector(DataGridView dataGridView) : this()
{
DataGridView = dataGridView;
}
//DataGridView屬性
public DataGridView DataGridView
{
get { return dgvTarget; }
set
{
//去除單元格點擊事件
if (dgvTarget != null) { dgvTarget.CellMouseClick -= new DataGridViewCellMouseEventHandler(DataGridView_CellMouseClick); }
dgvTarget = value;
//注冊單元格點擊事件
if (dgvTarget != null) { dgvTarget.CellMouseClick += new DataGridViewCellMouseEventHandler(DataGridView_CellMouseClick); }
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 右鍵點擊標題欄彈出菜單
/// </summary>
/// <param name="sender"></param>
/// <param name="e"></param>
private void DataGridView_CellMouseClick(object sender, DataGridViewCellMouseEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Right && e.RowIndex == -1)
{
popupMenuControl.Initialize(dgvTarget);
//將菜單顯示在光標位置
dropDown.Show(Cursor.Position);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 勾選事件執行方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="hitIndex"></param>
/// <param name="isCheck"></param>
private void OnCheckedChanged(int hitIndex, bool isChecked)
{
dgvTarget.Columns[hitIndex].Visible = isChecked;
}
}6、以上這些，已經實現了全部的功能。下面開始建一個WinForm程序來測試結果，為方便測試將DataGridView的數據源由xml文件讀取。
從SQL Server數據庫隨便找張數據表生成XML，文件保存為Test.xml。(請將Test.xml文件拷貝到Debug文件夾下面)
SELECT TOP 10 MO_NO,MRP_NO,QTY,BIL_NO
FROM MF_MO
WHERE MO_DD='2019-11-07'
ORDER BY MO_NO
FOR XML PATH ('Category'),TYPE,ROOT('DocumentElement')7、新建一個WinForm程序，命名為Main，并拖入一個DataGridView控件，Main_Load方法如下：
private void Main_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
//xml文件路徑
string path = @"Test.xml";
//讀取文件
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
if (File.Exists(path))
{
ds.ReadXml(path);
}
dataGridView1.DataSource = ds.Tables.Count > 0 ? ds.Tables[0] : null;
//加工dataGridView1
#region 加列標題測試
dataGridView1.Columns[0].HeaderText = "制令單號";
dataGridView1.Columns[1].HeaderText = "成品編號";
dataGridView1.Columns[2].HeaderText = "生產數量";
dataGridView1.Columns[3].HeaderText = "來源單號";
#endregion
DataGridViewColumnSelector columnSelector = new DataGridViewColumnSelector(dataGridView1);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message, "提示", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);
}
}8、執行程序，在任意DataGridView標題欄右擊，即可彈出菜單：
關于怎么在DataGridView中實現右鍵菜單自定義顯示及隱藏列功能問題的解答就分享到這里了，希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助，如果你還有很多疑惑沒有解開，可以關注億速云行業資訊頻道了解更多相關知識。
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