在Android開發中利用MediaRecorder實現一個錄音功能

public class MediaRecorderActivity extends BaseActivity {
 private Button start_tv;
 private ListView listView;
 //線程操作
 private ExecutorService mExecutorService;
 //錄音API
 private MediaRecorder mMediaRecorder;
 //錄音開始時間與結束時間
 private long startTime, endTime;
 //錄音所保存的文件
 private File mAudioFile;
 //文件列表數據
 private List<FileBean> dataList;
 //錄音文件數據列表適配器
 private AudioAdapter mAudioAdapter;
 //錄音文件保存位置
 private String mFilePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/audio/";
 //當前是否正在播放
 private volatile boolean isPlaying;
 //播放音頻文件API
 private MediaPlayer mediaPlayer;
 //使用Handler更新UI線程
 private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
  @Override
  public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
   super.handleMessage(msg);
   switch (msg.what) {
    case Constant.RECORD_SUCCESS:
     //錄音成功，展示數據
     if (null == mAudioAdapter) {
      mAudioAdapter = new AudioAdapter(MediaRecorderActivity.this, dataList, R.layout.file_item_layout);
     }
     listView.setAdapter(mAudioAdapter);
     break;
    //錄音失敗
    case Constant.RECORD_FAIL:
     showToastMsg(getString(R.string.record_fail));
     break;
    //錄音時間太短
    case Constant.RECORD_TOO_SHORT:
     showToastMsg(getString(R.string.time_too_short));
     break;
    case Constant.PLAY_COMPLETION:
     showToastMsg(getString(R.string.play_over));
     break;
    case Constant.PLAY_ERROR:
     showToastMsg(getString(R.string.play_error));
     break;

   }
  }
 };

 @Override
 protected void setWindowView() {
  setContentView(R.layout.activity_record);
  //錄音及播放要使用單線程操作
  mExecutorService = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
  dataList = new ArrayList<>();
 }

 @Override
 protected void initViews() {
  this.start_tv = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start_tv);
  this.listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.listview);
 }

 @Override
 protected void initEvents() {
  //類似微信等應用按住說話進行錄音，所以用OnTouch事件
  this.start_tv.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
   @Override
   public boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent motionEvent) {
    switch (motionEvent.getAction()) {
     //按下操作
     case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
      //安卓6.0以上錄音相應權限處理
      if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > 22) {
       permissionForM();
      } else {
       startRecord();
      }
      break;
     //松開操作
     case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
     case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
      stopRecord();
      break;
    }
    //對OnTouch事件做了處理，返回true
    return true;
   }
  });
  //點擊播放對應的錄音文件
  this.listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onItemClick(AdapterView<&#63;> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) {
    //使用MediaPlayer播放聲音文件
    startPlay(dataList.get(i).getFile());
   }
  });
 }


 /**
  * @description 開始進行錄音
  * @author ldm
  * @time 2017/2/9 9:18
  */
 private void startRecord() {
  start_tv.setText(R.string.stop_by_up);
  start_tv.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.bg_gray_round);
  //異步任務執行錄音操作
  mExecutorService.submit(new Runnable() {
   @Override
   public void run() {
    //播放前釋放資源
    releaseRecorder();
    //執行錄音操作
    recordOperation();
   }
  });
 }

 /**
  * @description 錄音失敗處理
  * @author ldm
  * @time 2017/2/9 9:35
  */
 private void recordFail() {
  mAudioFile = null;
  mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.RECORD_FAIL);
 }

 /**
  * @description 錄音操作
  * @author ldm
  * @time 2017/2/9 9:34
  */
 private void recordOperation() {
  //創建MediaRecorder對象
  mMediaRecorder = new MediaRecorder();
  //創建錄音文件,.m4a為MPEG-4音頻標準的文件的擴展名
  mAudioFile = new File(mFilePath + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".m4a");
  //創建父文件夾
  mAudioFile.getParentFile().mkdirs();
  try {
   //創建文件
   mAudioFile.createNewFile();
   //配置mMediaRecorder相應參數
   //從麥克風采集聲音數據
   mMediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
   //設置保存文件格式為MP4
   mMediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4);
   //設置采樣頻率,44100是所有安卓設備都支持的頻率,頻率越高，音質越好，當然文件越大
   mMediaRecorder.setAudioSamplingRate(44100);
   //設置聲音數據編碼格式,音頻通用格式是AAC
   mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC);
   //設置編碼頻率
   mMediaRecorder.setAudioEncodingBitRate(96000);
   //設置錄音保存的文件
   mMediaRecorder.setOutputFile(mAudioFile.getAbsolutePath());
   //開始錄音
   mMediaRecorder.prepare();
   mMediaRecorder.start();
   //記錄開始錄音時間
   startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
  } catch (Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
   recordFail();
  }
 }


 /**
  * @description 結束錄音操作
  * @author ldm
  * @time 2017/2/9 9:18
  */
 private void stopRecord() {
  start_tv.setText(R.string.speak_by_press);
  start_tv.setBackgroundResource(R.drawable.bg_white_round);
  //停止錄音
  mMediaRecorder.stop();
  //記錄停止時間
  endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
  //錄音時間處理，比如只有大于2秒的錄音才算成功
  int time = (int) ((endTime - startTime) / 1000);
  if (time >= 3) {
   //錄音成功,添加數據
   FileBean bean = new FileBean();
   bean.setFile(mAudioFile);
   bean.setFileLength(time);
   dataList.add(bean);
   //錄音成功,發Message
   mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.RECORD_SUCCESS);
  } else {
   mAudioFile = null;
   mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.RECORD_TOO_SHORT);
  }
  //錄音完成釋放資源
  releaseRecorder();
 }

 /**
  * @description 翻放錄音相關資源
  * @author ldm
  * @time 2017/2/9 9:33
  */
 private void releaseRecorder() {
  if (null != mMediaRecorder) {
   mMediaRecorder.release();
   mMediaRecorder = null;
  }
 }

 @Override
 public void onClick(View view) {

 }

 @Override
 protected void onDestroy() {
  super.onDestroy();
  //頁面銷毀，線程要關閉
  mExecutorService.shutdownNow();
 }
 /*******6.0以上版本手機權限處理***************************/
 /**
  * @description 兼容手機6.0權限管理
  * @author ldm
  * @time 2016/5/24 14:59
  */
 private void permissionForM() {
  if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
    Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED || ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
    Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {

   ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
     new String[]{Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
     Constant.PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_FOR_AUDIO);
  } else {
   startRecord();
  }

 }

 @Override
 public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
           @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {

  if (requestCode == Constant.PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_FOR_AUDIO) {
   if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
    startRecord();
   }
   return;
  }
  super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
 }

 /**
  * @description 播放音頻
  * @author ldm
  * @time 2017/2/9 16:54
  */
 private void playAudio(final File mFile) {
  if (null != mFile && !isPlaying) {
   isPlaying = true;
   mExecutorService.submit(new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
     startPlay(mFile);
    }
   });
  }
 }

 /**
  * @description 開始播放音頻文件
  * @author ldm
  * @time 2017/2/9 16:56
  */
 private void startPlay(File mFile) {
  try {
   //初始化播放器
   mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer();
   //設置播放音頻數據文件
   mediaPlayer.setDataSource(mFile.getAbsolutePath());
   //設置播放監聽事件
   mediaPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(new MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener() {
    @Override
    public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mediaPlayer) {
     //播放完成
     playEndOrFail(true);
    }
   });
   //播放發生錯誤監聽事件
   mediaPlayer.setOnErrorListener(new MediaPlayer.OnErrorListener() {
    @Override
    public boolean onError(MediaPlayer mediaPlayer, int i, int i1) {
     playEndOrFail(false);
     return true;
    }
   });
   //播放器音量配置
   mediaPlayer.setVolume(1, 1);
   //是否循環播放
   mediaPlayer.setLooping(false);
   //準備及播放
   mediaPlayer.prepare();
   mediaPlayer.start();
  } catch (IOException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
   //播放失敗正理
   playEndOrFail(false);
  }

 }

 /**
  * @description 停止播放或播放失敗處理
  * @author ldm
  * @time 2017/2/9 16:58
  */
 private void playEndOrFail(boolean isEnd) {
  isPlaying = false;
  if (isEnd) {
   mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.PLAY_COMPLETION);
  } else {
   mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(Constant.PLAY_ERROR);
  }
  if (null != mediaPlayer) {
   mediaPlayer.setOnCompletionListener(null);
   mediaPlayer.setOnErrorListener(null);
   mediaPlayer.stop();
   mediaPlayer.reset();
   mediaPlayer.release();
   mediaPlayer = null;
  }
 }
}

<LinearLayout
  xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:layout_width="match_parent"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:orientation="vertical"
  android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
  android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
  android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin">

 <Button
   android:id="@+id/start_tv"
   android:layout_width="match_parent"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   android:text="開始錄音"
   android:textSize="16sp"
   />

 <ListView
   android:id="@+id/listview"
   android:layout_width="match_parent"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   android:divider="#d1d1d1"
   android:dividerHeight="1dp"
   android:scrollbars="none"
   android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
   android:layout_marginBottom="10dp"></ListView>

</LinearLayout>

<resources>
 <string name="app_name">mediarecorder</string>
 <string name="record_fail">錄音失敗</string>
 <string name="time_too_short">時間太短，請重新錄音</string>
 <string name="play_over">播放完成</string>
 <string name="play_error">抱歉，播放發生異常</string>
 <string name="stop_by_up">松開停止錄音</string>
 <string name="speak_by_press">按住說話</string>
 <string name="start_record">開始錄音</string>
 <string name="stop_record">停止錄音</string>
</resources>

<!--SD卡權限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<!--錄音權限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO"/>