一、阿里云官網---幫助文檔
https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/29536.html?spm=5176.doc29535.6.555.WWTIUh
按照官網步驟,創建Topic、申請發布(生產者)、申請訂閱(消費者)
二、代碼
1、配置:
public class MqConfig {
/**
* 啟動測試之前請替換如下 XXX 為您的配置
*/
public static final String PUBLIC_TOPIC = "test";//公網測試
public static final String PUBLIC_PRODUCER_ID = "PID_SCHEDULER";
public static final String PUBLIC_CONSUMER_ID = "CID_SERVICE";
public static final String ACCESS_KEY = "123";
public static final String SECRET_KEY = "123";
public static final String TAG = "";
public static final String THREAD_NUM = "25";//消費端線程數
/**
* ONSADDR 請根據不同Region進行配置
* 公網測試: http://onsaddr-internet.aliyun.com/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internet
* 公有云生產: http://onsaddr-internal.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal
* 杭州金融云: http://jbponsaddr-internal.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal
* 深圳金融云: http://mq4finance-sz.addr.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal
*/
public static final String ONSADDR = "http://onsaddr-internal.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal";
}
ONSADDR 阿里云用 公有云生產,測試用公網
不同的業務可以設置不同的tag,但是如果發送消息量大的話,建議新建TOPIC
2、生產者
方式1:
配置文件:producer.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<bean id="producer" class="com.aliyun.openservices.ons.api.bean.ProducerBean"
init-method="start" destroy-method="shutdown">
<property name="properties">
<map>
<entry key="ProducerId" value="" /> <!-- PID,請替換 -->
<entry key="AccessKey" value="" /> <!-- ACCESS_KEY,請替換 -->
<entry key="SecretKey" value="" /> <!-- SECRET_KEY,請替換 -->
<!--PropertyKeyConst.ONSAddr 請根據不同Region進行配置
公網測試: http://onsaddr-internet.aliyun.com/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internet
公有云生產: http://onsaddr-internal.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal
杭州金融云: http://jbponsaddr-internal.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal
深圳金融云: http://mq4finance-sz.addr.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal -->
<entry key="ONSAddr" value="http://onsaddr-internal.aliyun.com:8080/rocketmq/nsaddr4client-internal"/>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
啟動方式1,在使用類的全局里設置:
//初始化生產者
private ApplicationContext ctx;
private ProducerBean producer;
@Value("${producerConfig.enabled}")//開關,spring配置項,true為開啟,false關閉
private boolean producerConfigEnabled;
@PostConstruct
public void init(){
if (true == producerConfigEnabled) {
ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("producer.xml");
producer = (ProducerBean) ctx.getBean("producer");
}
}
PS:最近發現一個坑,如果producer用上面這種方式啟動的話,一旦啟動的多了,會造成fullGC,所以可以換成下面這種注解方式啟動,在用到的地方手動start、shutdown
方式2:配置類(不需要xml)
@Configuration
public class ProducerBeanConfig {
@Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.producerId}")
private String producerId;
@Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.accessKey}")
private String accessKey;
@Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.secretKey}")
private String secretKey;
private ProducerBean producerBean;
@Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.ONSAddr}")
private String ONSAddr;
@Bean
public ProducerBean oneProducer() {
ProducerBean producerBean = new ProducerBean();
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ProducerId, producerId);
properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.AccessKey, accessKey);
properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.SecretKey, secretKey);
properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ONSAddr, ONSAddr);
producerBean.setProperties(properties);
return producerBean;
}
}
PS:經過這次雙11發現,以上2種方式在大數據量,多線程情況下都不太適用, 性能很差,所以推薦用3
方式3:(不需要xml)
@Component
public class ProducerBeanSingleTon {
@Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.producerId}")
private String producerId;
@Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.accessKey}")
private String accessKey;
@Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.secretKey}")
private String secretKey;
@Value("${openservices.ons.producerBean.ONSAddr}")
private String ONSAddr;
private static Producer producer;
private static class SingletonHolder {
private static final ProducerBeanSingleTon INSTANCE = new ProducerBeanSingleTon();
}
private ProducerBeanSingleTon (){}
public static final ProducerBeanSingleTon getInstance() {
return SingletonHolder.INSTANCE;
}
@PostConstruct
public void init(){
// producer 實例配置初始化
Properties properties = new Properties();
//您在控制臺創建的Producer ID
properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ProducerId, producerId);
// AccessKey 阿里云身份驗證,在阿里云服務器管理控制臺創建
properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.AccessKey, accessKey);
// SecretKey 阿里云身份驗證,在阿里云服務器管理控制臺創建
properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.SecretKey, secretKey);
//設置發送超時時間,單位毫秒
properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.SendMsgTimeoutMillis, "3000");
// 設置 TCP 接入域名(此處以公共云生產環境為例)
properties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ONSAddr, ONSAddr);
producer = ONSFactory.createProducer(properties);
// 在發送消息前,必須調用start方法來啟動Producer,只需調用一次即可
producer.start();
}
public Producer getProducer(){
return producer;
}
}
spring配置
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect consumerConfig.enabled = true producerConfig.enabled = true #方式1: scheduling.enabled = false #方式2、3:rocketMQ \u516C\u7F51\u914D\u7F6E openservices.ons.producerBean.producerId = pid openservices.ons.producerBean.accessKey = openservices.ons.producerBean.secretKey = openservices.ons.producerBean.ONSAddr = 公網、杭州公有云生產
方式1投遞消息代碼:
try {
String jsonC = JsonUtils.toJson(elevenMessage);
Message message = new Message(MqConfig.TOPIC, MqConfig.TAG, jsonC.getBytes());
SendResult sendResult = producer.send(message);
if (sendResult != null) {
logger.info(".Send mq message success!”;
} else {
logger.warn(".sendResult is null.........");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.warn("DoubleElevenAllPreService");
Thread.sleep(1000);//如果有異常,休眠1秒
}
方式2投遞消息代碼:(可以每發1000個啟動/關閉一次)
producerBean.start();
try {
String jsonC = JsonUtils.toJson(elevenMessage);
Message message = new Message(MqConfig.TOPIC, MqConfig.TAG, jsonC.getBytes());
SendResult sendResult = producer.send(message);
if (sendResult != null) {
logger.info(".Send mq message success!”;
} else {
logger.warn(".sendResult is null.........");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.warn("DoubleElevenAllPreService");
Thread.sleep(1000);//如果有異常,休眠1秒
}
producerBean.shutdown();
方式3:投遞消息
try {
String jsonC = JsonUtils.toJson(elevenMessage);
Message message = new Message(MqConfig.TOPIC, MqConfig.TAG, jsonC.getBytes());
Producer producer = ProducerBeanSingleTon.getInstance().getProducer();
SendResult sendResult = producer.send(message);
if (sendResult != null) {
logger.info("DoubleElevenMidService.Send mq message success! Topic is:"”;
} else {
logger.warn("DoubleElevenMidService.sendResult is null.........");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("DoubleElevenMidService Thread.sleep 1 s___error is "+e.getMessage(), e);
Thread.sleep(1000);//如果有異常,休眠1秒
}
發送消息的代碼一定要捕獲異常,不然會重復發送。
這里的TOPIC用自己創建的,elevenMessage是要發送的內容,我這里是自己建的對象
3、消費者
配置啟動類:
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(value = "consumerConfig.enabled", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true)
public class ConsumerConfig {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerAppenderType.smsdist.name());
@Bean
public Consumer consumerFactory(){//不同消費者 這里不能重名
Properties consumerProperties = new Properties();
consumerProperties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ConsumerId, MqConfig.CONSUMER_ID);
consumerProperties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.AccessKey, MqConfig.ACCESS_KEY);
consumerProperties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.SecretKey, MqConfig.SECRET_KEY);
//consumerProperties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ConsumeThreadNums,MqConfig.THREAD_NUM);
consumerProperties.setProperty(PropertyKeyConst.ONSAddr, MqConfig.ONSADDR);
Consumer consumer = ONSFactory.createConsumer(consumerProperties);
consumer.subscribe(MqConfig.TOPIC, MqConfig.TAG, new DoubleElevenMessageListener());//new對應的監聽器
consumer.start();
logger.info("ConsumerConfig start success.");
return consumer;
}
}
CID和ONSADDR一點要選對,用自己的,消費者線程數等可以在這里配置
創建消息監聽器類,消費消息:
@Component
public class MessageListener implements MessageListener {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger("remind");
protected static ElevenReposity elevenReposity;
@Resource
public void setElevenReposity(ElevenReposity elevenReposity){
MessageListener .elevenReposity=elevenReposity;
}
@Override
public Action consume(Message message, ConsumeContext consumeContext) {
if(message.getTopic().equals("自己的TOPIC")){//避免消費到其他消息 json轉換報錯
try {
byte[] body = message.getBody();
String res = new String(body);
//res 是生產者傳過來的消息內容
//業務代碼
}else{
logger.warn("!");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("MessageListener.consume error:" + e.getMessage(), e);
}
logger.info("MessageListener.Receive message”);
//如果想測試消息重投的功能,可以將Action.CommitMessage 替換成Action.ReconsumeLater
return Action.CommitMessage;
}else{
logger.warn();
return Action.ReconsumeLater;
}
}
注意,由于消費者是多線程的,所以對象要用static+set注入,把對象的級別提升到進程,這樣多個線程就可以共用,但是無法調用父類的方法和變量

消費者狀態可以查看消費者是否連接成功,消費是否延遲,消費速度等
重置消費位點可以清空所有消息
三、注意事項
1、發送的消息體 最大為256KB
2、消息最多存在3天
3、消費端默認線程數是20
4、如果運行過程中出現java掛掉或者cpu占用異常高,可以在發送消息的時候,每發送1000條讓線程休息1s
5、本地測試或啟動的時候,把ONSADDR換成公網,不然報錯無法啟動
以上就是本文的全部內容,希望對大家的學習有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持億速云。
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