這篇文章給大家分享的是有關怎么動態改變Retrofit的base url和rest版本的內容。小編覺得挺實用的,因此分享給大家做個參考,一起跟隨小編過來看看吧。
概述
隨著Google對HttpClient 摒棄,和Volley的逐漸沒落,OkHttp開始異軍突起,而Retrofit則對okHttp進行了強制依賴。
Retrofit是由Square公司出品的針對于Android和Java的類型安全的Http客戶端,
如果看源碼會發現其實質上就是對okHttp的封裝,使用面向接口的方式進行網絡請求,利用動態生成的代理類封裝了網絡接口請求的底層,
其將請求返回javaBean,對網絡認證 REST API進行了很好對支持此,使用Retrofit將會極大的提高我們應用的網絡體驗。
REST
既然是RESTful架構,那么我們就來看一下什么是REST吧。
REST(REpresentational State Transfer)是一組架構約束條件和原則。
RESTful架構都滿足以下規則:
(1)每一個URI代表一種資源;
(2)客戶端和服務器之間,傳遞這種資源的某種表現層;
(3)客戶端通過四個HTTP動詞,對服務器端資源進行操作,實現”表現層狀態轉化”。
下面話不多說了,來開始本文的正文吧
1. 需求與前提
base url
默認base url: https://cloud.devwiki.net
測試版 url : https://dev.devwiki.net
私有云版本url: https://private.devwiki.net
rest 版本
/rest/v1/
/rest/v2/
/rest/v3/
需求點
大部分接口使用 cloud host, 部分接口使用 private host
大部分接口使用 rest/v3 版本, 部分接口使用 v2, v1版本.
每個host 都有可能存在 rest v1, v2, v3的接口
2. 實現思路
okhttp 可以添加攔截器, 可在發起訪問前進行攔截, 通常我們會在 攔截器中統一添加 header, 比如:
class HeaderInterceptor implements Interceptor {
private static final String ENCODING_GZIP = "gzip";
private static final String CONTENT_TYPE_JSON = "application/json;charset=UTF-8";
private static final String HEADER_CONTENT_TYPE = "Content-Type";
private static final String HEADER_ACCEPT_TYPE = "application/json";
private static final String HEADER_CONTENT_ENCODING = "Content-Encoding";
private final static String CHARSET = "UTF-8";
@Override
public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
Request originRequest = chain.request();
Request.Builder newBuilder = originRequest.newBuilder();
newBuilder.addHeader("Accept", HEADER_ACCEPT_TYPE);
newBuilder.addHeader("Accept-Charset", CHARSET);
newBuilder.addHeader("Accept-Encoding", ENCODING_GZIP);
newBuilder.addHeader("Accept-Language", Locale.getDefault().toString().replace("_", "-"));
newBuilder.addHeader(HEADER_CONTENT_TYPE, CONTENT_TYPE_JSON);
return chain.proceed(newBuilder.build());
}
}同理我們也可以在所有請求中添加統一的uuid 或者 key 進行防劫持或者認證. 比如:
Request originRequest = chain.request();
if (paramsMap != null) {
HttpUrl originUrl = originRequest.url();
HttpUrl.Builder newBuilder = originUrl.newBuilder();
for (String key : paramsMap.keySet()) {
newBuilder.addEncodedQueryParameter(key, paramsMap.get(key));
}
HttpUrl newUrl = newBuilder.build();
Request newRequest = originRequest.newBuilder().url(newUrl).build();
return chain.proceed(newRequest);
}
return chain.proceed(originRequest);那么, 同樣我們可以再攔截器中進行host 和 path的替換, 那么怎么替換呢?
3. 實現過程
3.1 定義host 類型和 rest 版本
host類型:
interface HostName {
String CLOUD = "CLOUD";
String PRIVATE = "PRIVATE";
String DEV = "DEV";
}
interface HostValue {
String CLOUD = "https://www.baidu.com";
String PRIVATE = "https://private.bidu.com";
String DEV = "https://dev.baidu.com";
}rest 版本:
interface RestVersionCode {
String EMPTY = "EMPTY";
String V1 = "V1";
String V2 = "V2";
String PRIVATE = "PRIVATE";
}
/**
* path 前綴值
*/
interface RestVersionValue {
String EMPTY = "";
String V1 = "rest/v1";
String V2 = "rest/v2";
String PRIVATE = "rest/private";
}設置一個默認的 host 和 rest 版本, 然后在需要更改host和rest 版本的請求接口處添header, 根據header設置來變更.
interface BaiduApiService {
@GET("s")
Observable<Response<Object>> search(@Query("wd")String wd);
@GET("s")
@Headers({UrlConstants.Header.REST_VERSION_V1})
Observable<Response<Object>> searchChangePath(@Query("wd")String wd);
@GET("s")
@Headers({UrlConstants.Header.HOST_DEV})
Observable<Response<Object>> searchChangeHost(@Query("wd")String wd);
@Headers({UrlConstants.Header.HOST_PRIVATE, UrlConstants.Header.REST_VERSION_PRIVATE})
@GET("s")
Observable<Response<Object>> searchChangeHostPath(@Query("wd")String wd);
}header 的可選值:
interface Header {
String SPLIT_COLON = ":";
String HOST = "HostName";
String HOST_CLOUD = HOST + SPLIT_COLON + HostName.CLOUD;
String HOST_PRIVATE = HOST + SPLIT_COLON + HostName.PRIVATE;
String HOST_DEV = HOST + SPLIT_COLON + HostName.DEV;
String REST_VERSION = "RestVersion";
String REST_VERSION_V1 = REST_VERSION + SPLIT_COLON + RestVersionCode.V1;
String REST_VERSION_V2 = REST_VERSION + SPLIT_COLON + RestVersionCode.V2;
String REST_VERSION_PRIVATE = REST_VERSION + SPLIT_COLON + RestVersionCode.PRIVATE;
String REST_VERSION_EMPTY = REST_VERSION + SPLIT_COLON + RestVersionCode.EMPTY;
}然后是解析:
class RequestInterceptor implements Interceptor {
@Override
public Response intercept(Chain chain) throws IOException {
Request originRequest = chain.request();
HttpUrl originUrl = originRequest.url();
HttpUrl.Builder newBuilder;
String hostType = originRequest.header(UrlConstants.Header.HOST);
System.out.println("hostType:" + hostType);
if (hostType != null && hostType.length() > 0) {
String hostValue = UrlManager.getInstance().getHost(hostType);
HttpUrl temp = HttpUrl.parse(hostValue);
if (temp == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(hostType + "對應的host地址不合法:" + hostValue);
}
newBuilder = temp.newBuilder();
} else {
newBuilder = new HttpUrl.Builder()
.scheme(originUrl.scheme())
.host(originUrl.host())
.port(originUrl.port());
}
String restVersion = originRequest.header(UrlConstants.Header.REST_VERSION);
System.out.println("restVersion:" + restVersion);
if (restVersion == null) {
restVersion = UrlConstants.RestVersionCode.V2;
}
String restValue = UrlManager.getInstance().getRest(restVersion);
if (restValue.contains("/")) {
String[] paths = restValue.split("/");
for (String path : paths) {
newBuilder.addEncodedPathSegment(path);
}
} else {
newBuilder.addEncodedPathSegment(restValue);
}
for (int i = 0; i < originUrl.pathSegments().size(); i++) {
newBuilder.addEncodedPathSegment(originUrl.encodedPathSegments().get(i));
}
newBuilder.encodedPassword(originUrl.encodedPassword())
.encodedUsername(originUrl.encodedUsername())
.encodedQuery(originUrl.encodedQuery())
.encodedFragment(originUrl.encodedFragment());
HttpUrl newUrl = newBuilder.build();
System.out.println("newUrl:" + newUrl.toString());
Request newRequest = originRequest.newBuilder().url(newUrl).build();
return chain.proceed(newRequest);
}
}為了能動態設置host, 我們需要一個map來存儲host 類型和值.
private Map<String, String> hostMap;
private Map<String, String> restMap;
private UrlManager() {
hostMap = new HashMap<>(16);
for (UrlConstants.Host host : UrlConstants.Host.values()) {
hostMap.put(host.getName(), host.getValue());
}
restMap = new HashMap<>();
for (UrlConstants.Rest rest : UrlConstants.Rest.values()) {
restMap.put(rest.getVersion(), rest.getValue());
}
}
//更新host 的值
public void setHost(String name, String value) {
if (hostMap.containsKey(name)) {
HttpUrl httpUrl = HttpUrl.parse(value);
if (httpUrl == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("要存入的Host " + name + "對應的value:"
+ value + "不合法!");
}
hostMap.put(name, value);
} else {
throw new NoSuchElementException("沒有找到已經定義的Host名稱:" + name + ",請先在" +
"net.devwiki.manager.UrlConstants.Host中定義!");
}
}
//根據host 獲取值
public String getHost(String name) {
if (!hostMap.containsKey(name)) {
throw new NoSuchElementException("沒有找到已經定義的Host名稱:" + name + ",請先在" +
"net.devwiki.manager.UrlConstants.Host中定義!");
}
return hostMap.get(name);
}這樣就可以動態替換host 和 rest版本了.
4.測試運行
測試代碼:
private static void testRequest() {
BaiduRest rest = new BaiduRest();
testDefault(rest);
testChangeHost(rest);
testChangePath(rest);
testChangeHostPath(rest);
}測試運行結果:
ostType:null
restVersion:null
newUrl:https://www.baidu.com/rest/v2/s?wd=123
九月 07, 2018 11:36:58 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: --> GET https://www.baidu.com/rest/v2/s?wd=123 http/1.1
九月 07, 2018 11:36:58 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: <-- 302 Found https://www.baidu.com/rest/v2/s?wd=123 (83ms, 154-byte body)
九月 07, 2018 11:36:58 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: --> GET http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=123&tn=SE_PSStatistics_p1d9m0nf http/1.1
九月 07, 2018 11:36:58 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: <-- 200 OK http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=123&tn=SE_PSStatistics_p1d9m0nf (46ms, unknown-length body)
hostType:DEV
restVersion:null
newUrl:https://dev.baidu.com/rest/v2/s?wd=123
九月 07, 2018 11:36:58 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: --> GET https://dev.baidu.com/rest/v2/s?wd=123 http/1.1
九月 07, 2018 11:36:59 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: <-- 302 Found https://dev.baidu.com/rest/v2/s?wd=123 (154ms, 154-byte body)
九月 07, 2018 11:36:59 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: --> GET http://developer.baidu.com/error.html http/1.1
九月 07, 2018 11:36:59 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: <-- 301 Moved Permanently http://developer.baidu.com/error.html (18ms, 73-byte body)
九月 07, 2018 11:36:59 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: --> GET https://developer.baidu.com/error.html http/1.1
hostType:null
restVersion:V1
newUrl:https://www.baidu.com/rest/v1/s?wd=123
九月 07, 2018 11:36:59 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: <-- 200 OK https://developer.baidu.com/error.html (157ms, unknown-length body)
九月 07, 2018 11:36:59 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: --> GET https://www.baidu.com/rest/v1/s?wd=123 http/1.1
九月 07, 2018 11:36:59 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: <-- 302 Found https://www.baidu.com/rest/v1/s?wd=123 (46ms, 154-byte body)
九月 07, 2018 11:36:59 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: --> GET http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=123&tn=SE_PSStatistics_p1d9m0nf http/1.1
九月 07, 2018 11:36:59 上午 okhttp3.internal.platform.Platform log
信息: <-- 200 OK http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=123&tn=SE_PSStatistics_p1d9m0nf (54ms, unknown-length body)
hostType:PRIVATE
restVersion:PRIVATE
newUrl:https://private.bidu.com/rest/private/s?wd=123
結果按照設置進行了host 和 rest 的變更.
感謝各位的閱讀!關于“怎么動態改變Retrofit的base url和rest版本”這篇文章就分享到這里了,希望以上內容可以對大家有一定的幫助,讓大家可以學到更多知識,如果覺得文章不錯,可以把它分享出去讓更多的人看到吧!
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