學了一周的Python，這篇文章算是為這段時間自學做的小總結。
一、Python簡介
Python是一門十分優美的腳本語言，如果學過java、c++那入門Python是非常簡單的。Python具有豐富和強大的類庫。它常被昵稱為膠水語言，它能夠很輕松的把用其他語言制作的各種模塊（尤其是C/C++）輕松地聯結在一起。常見的一種應用情形是，使用Python快速生成程序的原型（有時甚至是程序的最終界面），然后對其中有特別要求的部分，用更合適的語言改寫。
二、Python版計算器的實現
工具準備：
1. Python2.7
2. wxPython
3. wxGlade界面編輯工具
4. pyCharm
具體配置什么的我就不說了，網上有很多。Python的GUI開發庫有很多，這里我們使用wxPython。用wxGlade編輯界面，wxGlade是一款很好用的GUI編輯工具，它最大的優點是能自動生成編輯好的圖形界面的代碼。
這里主要介紹幾點：
wx.TextCtrl（文本輸入控件），這個作為計算器的顯示屏，點擊數字時用AppendText方法將數字添加至文本末尾，要取出數字時用GetValue方法，點擊運算符時要將文本框中的數字清空（先存儲）用Clear方法然后還有將操作符保存，點擊等號后要將第二個操作數存儲，然后用int方法將字符串轉換為數字，計算后用SetValue方法將結果送入文本框，具體代碼如下：
import wx
# begin wxGlade: extracode
# end wxGlade
class MyFrame(wx.Frame):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
# begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__init__
kwds["style"] = wx.DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE
wx.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
self.text_ctrl_1 = wx.TextCtrl(self, -1, "",style=wx.TE_READONLY)
self.button_37 = wx.Button(self, -1, "1")
self.button_38 = wx.Button(self, -1, "2")
self.button_39 = wx.Button(self, -1, "3")
self.button_40 = wx.Button(self, -1, "+")
self.button_41 = wx.Button(self, -1, "4")
self.button_42 = wx.Button(self, -1, "5")
self.button_43 = wx.Button(self, -1, "6")
self.button_44 = wx.Button(self, -1, "-")
self.button_46 = wx.Button(self, -1, "7")
self.button_45 = wx.Button(self, -1, "8")
self.button_47 = wx.Button(self, -1, "9")
self.button_48 = wx.Button(self, -1, "x")
self.button_49 = wx.Button(self, -1, "C")
self.button_50 = wx.Button(self, -1, "0")
self.button_51 = wx.Button(self, -1, "=")
self.button_52 = wx.Button(self, -1, "/")
self.__set_properties()
self.__do_layout()
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu1, self.button_37)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu2, self.button_38)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu3, self.button_39)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_plus, self.button_40)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu4, self.button_41)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu5, self.button_42)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu6, self.button_43)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_min, self.button_44)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu7, self.button_46)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu8, self.button_45)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu9, self.button_47)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_mul, self.button_48)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_clear, self.button_49)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu0, self.button_50)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_result, self.button_51)
self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.bu_chu, self.button_52)
# end wxGlade
self.Show(True)
def __set_properties(self):
# begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__set_properties
self.SetTitle("Python Calculater by CYG")
self.text_ctrl_1.SetMinSize((400, 50))
self.button_37.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_38.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_39.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_40.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_41.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_42.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_43.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_44.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_46.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_45.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_47.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_48.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_49.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_50.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_51.SetMinSize((100, 50))
self.button_52.SetMinSize((100, 50))
# end wxGlade
def __do_layout(self):
# begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__do_layout
sizer_2 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
sizer_3 = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)
grid_sizer_1 = wx.GridSizer(4, 4, 0, 0)
sizer_3.Add(self.text_ctrl_1, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_37, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_38, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_39, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_40, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_41, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_42, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_43, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_44, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_46, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_45, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_47, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_48, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_49, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_50, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_51, 0, 0, 0)
grid_sizer_1.Add(self.button_52, 0, 0, 0)
sizer_3.Add(grid_sizer_1, 1, wx.EXPAND, 0)
sizer_2.Add(sizer_3, 1, wx.EXPAND, 0)
self.SetSizer(sizer_2)
sizer_2.Fit(self)
self.Layout()
# end wxGlade
def bu1(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("1")
event.Skip()
def bu2(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("2")
event.Skip()
def bu3(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("3")
event.Skip()
def bu_plus(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.num1=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue()
self.op="+"
self.text_ctrl_1.Clear()
event.Skip()
def bu4(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("4")
event.Skip()
def bu5(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("5")
event.Skip()
def bu6(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("6")
event.Skip()
def bu_min(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.num1=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue()
self.op="-"
self.text_ctrl_1.Clear()
event.Skip()
def bu7(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("7")
event.Skip()
def bu8(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("8")
event.Skip()
def bu9(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("9")
event.Skip()
def bu_mul(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.num1=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue()
self.op="x"
self.text_ctrl_1.Clear()
event.Skip()
def bu_clear(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.text_ctrl_1.Clear()
event.Skip()
def bu0(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.text_ctrl_1.AppendText("0")
event.Skip()
def bu_chu(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.num1=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue()
self.op="/"
self.text_ctrl_1.Clear()
event.Skip()
def bu_result(self, event): # wxGlade: MyFrame.<event_handler>
self.num2=self.text_ctrl_1.GetValue()
num1=int(self.num1)
num2=int(self.num2)
if self.op=="+":
self.text_ctrl_1.SetValue(str(num1+num2))
elif self.op=="-":
self.text_ctrl_1.SetValue(str(num1-num2))
elif self.op=="x":
self.text_ctrl_1.SetValue(str(num1*num2))
elif self.op=="/":
self.text_ctrl_1.SetValue(str(num1/num2))
event.Skip()
# end of class MyFrame
if __name__ == "__main__":
app=wx.App(False)
myframe=MyFrame(None)
app.MainLoop()
按鈕的ID，名稱什么的我基本都是用wxGlade自動生成的。
沒有做什么美化，只是為了練練手，給張圖：
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持億速云。
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