怎么在vue中實現一個微信浮標效果?很多新手對此不是很清楚,為了幫助大家解決這個難題,下面小編將為大家詳細講解,有這方面需求的人可以來學習下,希望你能有所收獲。
Vue是一套用于構建用戶界面的漸進式JavaScript框架,Vue與其它大型框架的區別是,使用Vue可以自底向上逐層應用,其核心庫只關注視圖層,方便與第三方庫和項目整合,且使用Vue可以采用單文件組件和Vue生態系統支持的庫開發復雜的單頁應用。
拖拽事件
浮標的核心功能的就是拖拽,對鼠標或移動端的觸摸的事件來說,有三個階段,鼠標或手指接觸到元素時,鼠標或手指在移動的過程,鼠標或手指離開元素。這個三個階段對應的事件名稱如下:
mouse: { start: 'mousedown', move: 'mousemove', stop: 'mouseup' }, touch: { start: 'touchstart', move: 'touchmove', stop: 'touchend' }
元素定位
滑動容器我們采用絕對定位,通過設置 top 和 left 屬性來改變元素的位置,那我們怎么獲取到新的 top 和 left 呢?
我們先看下面這張圖
黃色區域是拖拽的元素,藍色的點就是鼠標或手指觸摸的位置,在元素移動的過程中,這些值也會隨著發生改變,那么我們只要計算出新的觸摸位置和最初觸摸位置的橫坐標和豎坐標的變化,就可以算出移動后的 top left ,因為拖拽的元素不隨著頁面滾動而變化,所以我們采用 pageX pageY 這兩個值。用公式簡單描述就是;
newTop = initTop + (currentPageY - initPageY) newLeft = initLeft + (currentPageX - initPageX)
拖拽區域
拖拽區域默認是在拖拽元素的父級元素內,所以我們需要計算出父級元素的寬高。這里有一點需要注意,如果父級的寬高是由異步事件來改變的,那么獲取的時候就會不準確,這種情況就需要改變下布局。
private getParentSize() { const style = window.getComputedStyle( this.$el.parentNode as Element, null ); return [ parseInt(style.getPropertyValue('width'), 10), parseInt(style.getPropertyValue('height'), 10) ]; }
拖拽的前中后
有了上面的基礎,我們分析下拖拽的三個階段我們需要做哪些工作
觸摸元素,即開始拖拽,將當前元素的 top left 和觸摸點的 pageX pageY 用對象存儲起來,然后監聽移動和結束事件
元素拖拽過程,計算當前的 pageX pageY 與 初始的 pageX pageY 的差值,算出當前的 top left ,更新元素的位置
拖拽結束,重置初始值
左右吸附
在手指離開后,若元素偏向某一側,便吸附在該側的邊上,那么在拖拽事件結束后,根據元素的X軸中心的與父級元素的X軸中心點做比較,就可知道往左還是往右移動
頁面上下滑動時隱藏
使用 watch 監聽父級容器的滑動事件,獲取 scrollTop ,當 scrollTop 的值不在發生變化的時候,就說明頁面滑動結束了,在變化前和結束時設置 left 即可。
若無法監聽父級容器滑動事件,那么可以將監聽事件放到外層組件,將 scrollTop 傳入拖拽組件也是可以的。
代碼實現
組件用的是 ts 寫的,代碼略長,大伙可以先收藏在看
// draggable.vue <template> <div class="dra " :class="{'dra-tran':showtran}" : @mousedown="elementTouchDown" @touchstart="elementTouchDown"> <slot></slot> </div> </template> <script lang="ts"> import { Component, Prop, Vue, Watch } from 'vue-property-decorator'; import dom from './dom'; const events = { mouse: { start: 'mousedown', move: 'mousemove', stop: 'mouseup' }, touch: { start: 'touchstart', move: 'touchmove', stop: 'touchend' } }; const userSelectNone = { userSelect: 'none', MozUserSelect: 'none', WebkitUserSelect: 'none', MsUserSelect: 'none' }; const userSelectAuto = { userSelect: 'auto', MozUserSelect: 'auto', WebkitUserSelect: 'auto', MsUserSelect: 'auto' }; @Component({ name: 'draggable', }) export default class Draggable extends Vue { @Prop(Number) private width !: number; // 寬 @Prop(Number) private height !: number; // 高 @Prop({ type: Number, default: 0 }) private x!: number; //初始x @Prop({ type: Number, default: 0 }) private y!: number; //初始y @Prop({ type: Number, default: 0 }) private scrollTop!: number; // 初始 scrollTop @Prop({ type: Boolean,default:true}) private draggable !:boolean; // 是否開啟拖拽 @Prop({ type: Boolean,default:true}) private adsorb !:boolean; // 是否開啟吸附左右兩側 @Prop({ type: Boolean,default:true}) private scrollHide !:boolean; // 是否開啟滑動隱藏 private rawWidth: number = 0; private rawHeight: number = 0; private rawLeft: number = 0; private rawTop: number = 0; private top: number = 0; // 元素的 top private left: number = 0; // 元素的 left private parentWidth: number = 0; // 父級元素寬 private parentHeight: number = 0; // 父級元素高 private eventsFor = events.mouse; // 監聽事件 private mouseClickPosition = { // 鼠標點擊的當前位置 mouseX: 0, mouseY: 0, left: 0, top: 0, }; private bounds = { minLeft: 0, maxLeft: 0, minTop: 0, maxTop: 0, }; private dragging: boolean = false; private showtran: boolean = false; private preScrollTop: number = 0; private parentScrollTop: number = 0; private mounted() { this.rawWidth = this.width; this.rawHeight = this.height; this.rawLeft = this.x; this.rawTop = this.y; this.left = this.x; this.top = this.y; [this.parentWidth, this.parentHeight] = this.getParentSize(); // 對邊界計算 this.bounds = this.calcDragLimits(); if(this.adsorb){ dom.addEvent(this.$el.parentNode,'scroll',this.listScorll) } } private listScorll(e:any){ this.parentScrollTop = e.target.scrollTop } private beforeDestroy(){ dom.removeEvent(document.documentElement, 'touchstart', this.elementTouchDown); dom.removeEvent(document.documentElement, 'mousedown', this.elementTouchDown); dom.removeEvent(document.documentElement, 'touchmove', this.move); dom.removeEvent(document.documentElement, 'mousemove', this.move); dom.removeEvent(document.documentElement, 'mouseup', this.handleUp); dom.removeEvent(document.documentElement, 'touchend', this.handleUp); } private getParentSize() { const style = window.getComputedStyle( this.$el.parentNode as Element, null ); return [ parseInt(style.getPropertyValue('width'), 10), parseInt(style.getPropertyValue('height'), 10) ]; } /** * 滑動區域計算 */ private calcDragLimits() { return { minLeft: 0, maxLeft: Math.floor(this.parentWidth - this.width), minTop: 0, maxTop: Math.floor(this.parentHeight - this.height), }; } /** * 監聽滑動開始 */ private elementTouchDown(e: TouchEvent) { if(this.draggable){ this.eventsFor = events.touch; this.elementDown(e); } } private elementDown(e: TouchEvent | MouseEvent) { const target = e.target || e.srcElement; this.dragging = true; this.mouseClickPosition.left = this.left; this.mouseClickPosition.top = this.top; this.mouseClickPosition.mouseX = (e as TouchEvent).touches ? (e as TouchEvent).touches[0].pageX : (e as MouseEvent).pageX; this.mouseClickPosition.mouseY = (e as TouchEvent).touches ? (e as TouchEvent).touches[0].pageY : (e as MouseEvent).pageY; // 監聽移動事件 結束事件 dom.addEvent(document.documentElement, this.eventsFor.move, this.move); dom.addEvent( document.documentElement, this.eventsFor.stop, this.handleUp ); } /** * 監聽拖拽過程 */ private move(e: TouchEvent | MouseEvent) { if(this.dragging){ this.elementMove(e); } } private elementMove(e: TouchEvent | MouseEvent) { const mouseClickPosition = this.mouseClickPosition; const tmpDeltaX = mouseClickPosition.mouseX - ((e as TouchEvent).touches ? (e as TouchEvent).touches[0].pageX : (e as MouseEvent).pageX) || 0; const tmpDeltaY = mouseClickPosition.mouseY - ((e as TouchEvent).touches ? (e as TouchEvent).touches[0].pageY : (e as MouseEvent).pageY) || 0; if (!tmpDeltaX && !tmpDeltaY) return; this.rawTop = mouseClickPosition.top - tmpDeltaY; this.rawLeft = mouseClickPosition.left - tmpDeltaX; this.$emit('dragging', this.left, this.top); } /** * 監聽滑動結束 */ private handleUp(e: TouchEvent | MouseEvent) { this.rawTop = this.top; this.rawLeft = this.left; if (this.dragging) { this.dragging = false; this.$emit('dragstop', this.left, this.top); } // 左右吸附 if(this.adsorb){ this.showtran = true const middleWidth = this.parentWidth / 2; if((this.left + this.width/2) < middleWidth){ this.left = 0 }else{ this.left = this.bounds.maxLeft - 10 } setTimeout(() => { this.showtran = false }, 400); } this.resetBoundsAndMouseState(); } /** * 重置初始數據 */ private resetBoundsAndMouseState() { this.mouseClickPosition = { mouseX: 0, mouseY: 0, left: 0, top: 0, }; } /** * 元素位置 */ private get style() { return { position: 'absolute', top: this.top + 'px', left: this.left + 'px', width: this.width + 'px', height: this.height + 'px', ...(this.dragging ? userSelectNone : userSelectAuto) }; } @Watch('rawTop') private rawTopChange(newTop: number) { const bounds = this.bounds; if (bounds.maxTop === 0) { this.top = newTop; return; } const left = this.left; const top = this.top; if (bounds.minTop !== null && newTop < bounds.minTop) { newTop = bounds.minTop; } else if (bounds.maxTop !== null && bounds.maxTop < newTop) { newTop = bounds.maxTop; } this.top = newTop; } @Watch('rawLeft') private rawLeftChange(newLeft: number) { const bounds = this.bounds; if (bounds.maxTop === 0) { this.left = newLeft; return; } const left = this.left; const top = this.top; if (bounds.minLeft !== null && newLeft < bounds.minLeft) { newLeft = bounds.minLeft; } else if (bounds.maxLeft !== null && bounds.maxLeft < newLeft) { newLeft = bounds.maxLeft; } this.left = newLeft; } @Watch('scrollTop') // 監聽 props.scrollTop @Watch('parentScrollTop') // 監聽父級組件 private scorllTopChange(newTop:number){ let timer = undefined; if(this.scrollHide){ clearTimeout(timer); this.showtran = true; this.preScrollTop = newTop; this.left = this.bounds.maxLeft + this.width - 10 timer = setTimeout(()=>{ if(this.preScrollTop === newTop ){ this.left = this.bounds.maxLeft - 10; setTimeout(()=>{ this.showtran = false; },300) } },200) } } } </script> <style lang="css" scoped> .dra { touch-action: none; } .dra-tran { transition: top .2s ease-out , left .2s ease-out; } </style>
// dom.ts export default { addEvent(el: any, event: string, handler: any) { if (!el) { return; } if (el.attachEvent) { el.attachEvent('on' + event, handler); } else if (el.addEventListener) { el.addEventListener(event, handler, true); } else { el['on' + event] = handler; } }, removeEvent(el: any, event: string, handler: any) { if (!el) { return; } if (el.detachEvent) { el.detachEvent('on' + event, handler); } else if (el.removeEventListener) { el.removeEventListener(event, handler, true); } else { el['on' + event] = null; } } };
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