java如何通過XPath解析xml節點

今天就跟大家聊聊有關java如何通過XPath解析xml節點，可能很多人都不太了解，為了讓大家更加了解，小編給大家總結了以下內容，希望大家根據這篇文章可以有所收獲。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
 
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;
 
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
 
public class FindElementsByAbsoluteLocationWithXPath {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 
        DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        dbf.setValidating(false);
        DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
 
        Document doc = db.parse(new FileInputStream(new File("in.xml")));
 
        XPathFactory factory = XPathFactory.newInstance();
 
        XPath xpath = factory.newXPath();
 
        String expression;
        Node node;
        NodeList nodeList;
 
        // 1. root element
        expression = "/*";
        node = (Node) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODE);
        System.out.println("1. " + node.getNodeName());
 
        // 2. root element (by name)
        expression = "/rss";
        node = (Node) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODE);
        System.out.println("2. " + node.getNodeName());
 
        // 3. element under rss
        expression = "/rss/channel";
        node = (Node) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODE);
        System.out.println("3. " + node.getNodeName());
 
        // 4. all elements under rss/channel
        expression = "/rss/channel/*";
        nodeList = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
        System.out.print("4. ");
        for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
            System.out.print(nodeList.item(i).getNodeName() + " ");
        }
        System.out.println();
 
        // 5. all title elements in the document
        expression = "//title";
        nodeList = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
        System.out.print("5. ");
        for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
            System.out.print(nodeList.item(i).getNodeName() + " ");
        }
        System.out.println();
 
        // 6. all elements in the document except title
        expression = "//*[name() != 'title']";
        nodeList = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
        System.out.print("6. ");
        for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
            System.out.print(nodeList.item(i).getNodeName() + " ");
        }
        System.out.println();
 
        // 7. all elements with at least one child element
        expression = "//*[*]";
        nodeList = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
        System.out.print("7. ");
        for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
            System.out.print(nodeList.item(i).getNodeName() + " ");
        }
        System.out.println();
 
        // 8. all level-5 elements (the root being at level 1)
        expression = "/*/*/*/*";
        nodeList = (NodeList) xpath.evaluate(expression, doc, XPathConstants.NODESET);
        System.out.print("8. ");
        for (int i = 0; i < nodeList.getLength(); i++) {
            System.out.print(nodeList.item(i).getNodeName() + " ");
        }
        System.out.println();
 
    }
 
}

Input:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rss version="2.0">
    <channel>
        <title>Java Tutorials and Examples 2</title>
        <language>en-us</language>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Java Tutorials 2]]></title>
            <link>http://www.javacodegeeks.com/</link>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Java Examples 2]]></title>
            <link>http://examples.javacodegeeks.com/</link>
        </item>
    </channel>
</rss>

輸出：

1. rss
2. rss
3. channel
4. title language item item
5. title title title
6. rss channel language item link item link
7. rss channel item item
8. title link title link

看完上述內容，你們對java如何通過XPath解析xml節點有進一步的了解嗎？如果還想了解更多知識或者相關內容，請關注億速云行業資訊頻道，感謝大家的支持。