在Debian系統上,您可以通過使用notify-send
命令來定制消息通知。以下是具體步驟和一些相關信息:
首先,確保您的系統上安裝了notify-send
。如果沒有安裝,可以使用以下命令進行安裝:
sudo apt install notify-send
notify-send
命令允許您發送帶有自定義消息、圖標和緊急程度的桌面通知。例如:
notify-send "Dinner ready!"
notify-send "Tip of the Day" "How about a nap?"
您還可以使用HTML標記來增強通知的視覺效果,例如加粗文本:
notify-send -u critical "Build failed!" "There were <b>123</b> errors. Click here to see the results: http://buildserver/latest"
如果您想要在特定時間發送通知,可以將notify-send
與at
命令結合使用。例如,要在當前時間5分鐘后發送一個通知,可以這樣做:
echo "notify-send 'Time to wake up!' 'Enough work for today.'" | at now + 5 minutes
為了方便使用,您可以創建一個自定義的Bash函數來發送通知。以下是一個簡單的remind
函數的示例,您可以在~/.bashrc
文件中添加以下代碼:
function remind () {
local COUNT="$#"
local COMMAND="$1"
local MESSAGE="$1"
local OP="$2"
shift 2
local WHEN="$@"
# Display help if no parameters or help command
if [[ $COUNT -eq 0 || "$COMMAND" == "help" || "$COMMAND" == "--help" || "$COMMAND" == "-h" ]]; then
echo "COMMAND"
echo "remind <message> <time>"
echo "remind <command>"
echo
echo "DESCRIPTION"
echo "Displays notification at specified time"
echo
echo "EXAMPLES"
echo 'remind "Hi there" now'
echo 'remind "Time to wake up" in 5 minutes'
echo 'remind "Dinner" in 1 hour'
echo 'remind "Take a break" at noon'
echo 'remind "Are you ready?" at 13:00'
echo 'remind list'
echo 'remind clear'
echo 'remind help'
return
fi
# Check presence of AT command if ! which at >/dev/null; then
# echo "remind: AT utility is required but not installed on your system. Install it with your package manager of choice, for example 'sudo apt install at'."
# return
# Run commands: list, clear if [[ COUNT -eq 1 ]]; then
if [[ "COMMAND" == "list" ]]; then
at -l
elif [[ "COMMAND" == "clear" ]]; then
at -r $(atq | cut -f1)
else
echo "remind: unknown command COMMAND. Type 'remind' without any parameters to see syntax."
fi
}
保存上述代碼到一個文件中,例如~/bin/remind
,然后在終端中運行以下命令使其生效:
source ~/bin/remind
現在您可以使用remind
命令來發送定制的通知了。
請注意,這些方法主要適用于基于Debian的發行版,如Ubuntu、Linux Mint等。不同的桌面環境可能會有不同的通知機制和工具,例如KDE Plasma桌面環境可能會使用kdialog
或notify-osd
。如果您使用的是特定的桌面環境,可能需要查找該環境特定的通知定制方法。