ZooKeeper是一個分布式的、開源的分布式應用程序協調服務,它可以用來實現分布式鎖。以下是使用ZooKeeper實現分布式鎖的基本步驟:
以下是一個簡單的Java示例,展示了如何使用ZooKeeper實現分布式鎖:
import org.apache.zookeeper.*;
import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
public class DistributedLock {
private static final String ZK_ADDRESS = "localhost:2181";
private static final int SESSION_TIMEOUT = 3000;
private static final String LOCK_ROOT = "/locks";
private static final String LOCK_NODE = LOCK_ROOT + "/lock_";
private ZooKeeper zk;
private String lockPath;
public DistributedLock() throws IOException, InterruptedException, KeeperException {
zk = new ZooKeeper(ZK_ADDRESS, SESSION_TIMEOUT, event -> {
// 處理連接事件
});
// 確保鎖根節點存在
Stat stat = zk.exists(LOCK_ROOT, false);
if (stat == null) {
zk.create(LOCK_ROOT, new byte[0], ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
}
}
public void lock() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
lockPath = zk.create(LOCK_NODE, new byte[0], ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
while (true) {
List<String> children = zk.getChildren(LOCK_ROOT, false);
Collections.sort(children);
if (lockPath.endsWith(children.get(0))) {
// 獲取到鎖
return;
} else {
// 監聽前一個節點的刪除事件
String previousNode = getPreviousNode(children, lockPath);
CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(1);
zk.exists(LOCK_ROOT + "/" + previousNode, event -> {
if (event.getType() == Watcher.Event.EventType.NodeDeleted) {
latch.countDown();
}
});
latch.await();
}
}
}
public void unlock() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
if (lockPath != null) {
zk.delete(lockPath, -1);
lockPath = null;
}
}
private String getPreviousNode(List<String> children, String currentNode) {
int index = children.indexOf(currentNode.substring(LOCK_ROOT.length() + 1));
return index > 0 ? children.get(index - 1) : null;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
DistributedLock lock = new DistributedLock();
lock.lock();
// 執行業務邏輯
lock.unlock();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
通過以上步驟和示例代碼,你可以使用ZooKeeper實現一個基本的分布式鎖機制。