Installing Git on Debian
Before integrating Git with PhpStorm, ensure Git is installed on your Debian system. Run the following commands in the terminal:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install git -y
Verify the installation by checking the version:
git --version
This should display the installed Git version (e.g., git version 2.45.1).
Configuring Git Global Settings
Set your username and email (required for commit authorship) using these commands:
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "your.email@example.com"
You can verify the settings with:
git config --global --list
```.
**Integrating Git with PhpStorm**
1. **Open PhpStorm and Access Git Settings**:
Launch PhpStorm and open your project. Go to `File > Settings` (Linux/Windows) or `PhpStorm > Preferences` (macOS). Navigate to `Version Control > Git`.
2. **Specify Git Executable Path**:
In the "Path to Git executable" field, enter `/usr/bin/git` (default installation path for Debian). Click the **Test** button to confirm PhpStorm can recognize Git.
3. **Enable Version Control for the Project**:
If your project isn’t already under Git version control, go to `VCS > Enable Version Control Integration`. Select "Git" from the dropdown and click **OK**.
**Initializing a Git Repository**
If your project hasn’t been initialized as a Git repository, right-click the project root directory in the **Project** view and select `Git > Initialize Repository`. This creates a `.git` folder in your project root, marking it as a Git-managed project.
**Connecting to a Remote Repository**
To link your local project to a remote repository (e.g., GitHub, GitLab):
1. Open the **Version Control** tool window (View > Tool Windows > Version Control).
2. Click the **+** icon in the top-left corner and select `Git > Remotes`.
3. In the "Git Remotes" dialog, click the **+** button to add a new remote. Enter a name (e.g., "origin") and the remote repository URL (e.g., `https://github.com/username/repo.git`). Click **OK** to save.
**Basic Git Operations in PhpStorm**
- **Commit Changes**:
Right-click the project root or modified files in the **Project** view. Select `Git > Commit Directory`. In the commit dialog, enter a message describing the changes, select the files to include, and click **Commit** (or **Commit and Push** to push immediately).
- **Push to Remote**:
Right-click the project root and select `Git > Repository > Push`. Choose the remote repository (e.g., "origin") and branch (e.g., "main"), then click **Push**.
- **Pull from Remote**:
Right-click the project root and select `Git > Repository > Pull`. Select the remote repository and branch, then click **Pull** to fetch and merge changes.
- **Branch Management**:
Use the **Git Branches** popup (View > Tool Windows > Git > Branches) to create, switch, or merge branches. Click the branch dropdown, select **New Branch** to create a branch, or **Checkout** to switch branches.
**Troubleshooting Common Issues**
- **PhpStorm Can’t Find Git**: Ensure Git is installed and the path in `Settings > Version Control > Git` is correct. Click **Test** to validate.
- **Authentication Failures**: If using HTTPS, ensure your credentials are correct. For SSH, verify your SSH key is added to the ssh-agent (`eval $(ssh-agent) && ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa`) and the public key is registered with your Git provider (e.g., GitHub).
- **Connection Timeouts**: Check your network proxy settings in `Settings > Appearance & Behavior > System Settings > HTTP Proxy`. Disable the proxy or configure it correctly if you’re behind a firewall.
