Python多進程編程怎樣實現資源共享

在Python多進程編程中，實現資源共享需要使用multiprocessing模塊中的Value、Array和Manager等類。這些類允許你在多個進程之間共享數據。下面是一些示例：

1. 使用Value實現共享整數：

import multiprocessing

def worker(shared_value):
    shared_value.value += 1

if __name__ == "__main__":
    shared_value = multiprocessing.Value("i", 0)
    processes = [multiprocessing.Process(target=worker, args=(shared_value,)) for _ in range(10)]

    for process in processes:
        process.start()

    for process in processes:
        process.join()

    print("Shared value:", shared_value.value)

2. 使用Array實現共享列表：

import multiprocessing

def worker(shared_array):
    for i in range(len(shared_array)):
        shared_array[i] += 1

if __name__ == "__main__":
    shared_array = multiprocessing.Array("i", [0] * 10)
    processes = [multiprocessing.Process(target=worker, args=(shared_array,)) for _ in range(10)]

    for process in processes:
        process.start()

    for process in processes:
        process.join()

    print("Shared array:", shared_array[:])

3. 使用Manager實現共享復雜數據結構：

import multiprocessing

def worker(shared_dict):
    shared_dict["key"] += 1

if __name__ == "__main__":
    shared_dict = multiprocessing.Manager().dict({"key": 0})
    processes = [multiprocessing.Process(target=worker, args=(shared_dict,)) for _ in range(10)]

    for process in processes:
        process.start()

    for process in processes:
        process.join()

    print("Shared dictionary:", shared_dict)

注意：在使用multiprocessing模塊時，需要確保代碼在if __name__ == "__main__":條件下運行，以避免在Windows操作系統上出現遞歸創建子進程的問題。