Node.js在Debian中如何實現跨平臺通信

在Debian系統中，Node.js可以通過多種方式實現跨平臺通信。以下是一些常見的方法：

1. 使用HTTP/HTTPS協議

Node.js內置了HTTP和HTTPS模塊，可以用來創建Web服務器和客戶端，實現跨平臺的通信。

服務器端示例：

const http = require('http');

const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
  res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain' });
  res.end('Hello World\n');
});

server.listen(3000, () => {
  console.log('Server running at http://localhost:3000/');
});

客戶端示例：

const http = require('http');

const options = {
  hostname: 'localhost',
  port: 3000,
  path: '/',
  method: 'GET'
};

const req = http.request(options, (res) => {
  console.log(`STATUS: ${res.statusCode}`);
  res.on('data', (chunk) => {
    console.log(`BODY: ${chunk}`);
  });
});

req.on('error', (e) => {
  console.error(`problem with request: ${e.message}`);
});

req.end();

2. 使用WebSocket

WebSocket是一種在單個TCP連接上進行全雙工通信的協議。Node.js有多個庫可以實現WebSocket，如ws和socket.io。

使用ws庫的示例：

const WebSocket = require('ws');

const wss = new WebSocket.Server({ port: 8080 });

wss.on('connection', (ws) => {
  ws.on('message', (message) => {
    console.log(`Received message: ${message}`);
  });

  ws.send('Hello! Message From Server!!');
});

客戶端示例：

const WebSocket = require('ws');

const ws = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8080');

ws.on('open', function open() {
  ws.send('Hello! Message From Client!!');
});

ws.on('message', function incoming(data) {
  console.log(data);
});

3. 使用TCP/IP套接字

Node.js的net模塊可以用來創建TCP服務器和客戶端，實現基于流的通信。

服務器端示例：

const net = require('net');

const server = net.createServer((socket) => {
  socket.write('Echo server\r\n');

  socket.on('data', (data) => {
    console.log(`Received: ${data}`);
    socket.write(data);
  });

  socket.on('end', () => {
    console.log('Client disconnected');
  });
});

server.listen(3001, () => {
  console.log('Server listening on port 3001');
});

客戶端示例：

const net = require('net');

const client = new net.Socket();

client.connect(3001, 'localhost', () => {
  console.log('Connected to server');
  client.write('Hello, World!');
});

client.on('data', (data) => {
  console.log(`Received: ${data}`);
  client.destroy(); // close the connection when you're done
});

client.on('close', () => {
  console.log('Connection closed');
});

4. 使用消息隊列

消息隊列是一種異步通信機制，Node.js可以通過多種消息隊列系統（如RabbitMQ、Kafka）實現跨平臺通信。

使用RabbitMQ的示例：

const amqp = require('amqplib');

async function sendMessage() {
  const conn = await amqp.connect('amqp://localhost');
  const channel = await conn.createChannel();
  const queue = 'hello';

  await channel.assertQueue(queue, { durable: false });
  const message = 'Hello World!';
  channel.sendToQueue(queue, Buffer.from(message));
  console.log(" [x] Sent %s", message);

  setTimeout(() => {
    channel.close();
    conn.close();
  }, 500);
}

sendMessage();

消費者示例：

const amqp = require('amqplib');

async function receiveMessage() {
  const conn = await amqp.connect('amqp://localhost');
  const channel = await conn.createChannel();
  const queue = 'hello';

  await channel.assertQueue(queue, { durable: false });
  console.log(" [*] Waiting for messages in %s. To exit press CTRL+C", queue);
  channel.consume(queue, (msg) => {
    const message = msg.content.toString();
    console.log(" [x] Received %s", message);
    channel.ack(msg);
  });
}

receiveMessage();

這些方法可以根據具體需求選擇使用，以實現Node.js在Debian系統中的跨平臺通信。