android windowinsets如何處理屏幕適配

在Android中，處理窗口Insets（邊距）以適應不同屏幕尺寸和方向是一個重要的任務。以下是一些關鍵步驟和策略，可以幫助你實現這一目標：

1. 使用 WindowInsetsController

從Android 11（API級別30）開始，可以使用 WindowInsetsController 來管理和自定義窗口Insets。

import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.os.Build;
import android.view.WindowInsetsController;
import android.view.WindowManager;

// 獲取WindowInsetsController
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
    WindowManager windowManager = (WindowManager) getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE);
    WindowInsetsController windowInsetsController = windowManager.getInsetsController(getWindow().getDecorView());
}

2. 處理 WindowInsets

你可以通過 WindowInsets 對象獲取和處理各種邊距類型。

Rect safeAreaInsets = windowInsets.getSafeArea();
Rect contentInsets = windowInsets.getContentInsets();
Rect systemGestureInsets = windowInsets.getSystemGestureInsets();
Rect displayFrameInsets = windowInsets.getDisplayFrameInsets();

3. 自適應布局

根據不同的Insets調整你的布局?？梢允褂?ConstraintLayout 或 RelativeLayout 來創建靈活的布局。

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <View
        android:id="@+id/content"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/safeArea" />

    <View
        android:id="@+id/safeArea"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/content" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

4. 處理系統手勢Insets

如果你需要處理系統手勢Insets，可以使用 systemGestureInsets。

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
    WindowInsetsController windowInsetsController = windowManager.getInsetsController(getWindow().getDecorView());
    windowInsetsController.setSystemGestureInsetsRelative(new Rect(0, 0, 0, systemGestureInsets.bottom));
}

5. 處理顯示幀Insets

顯示幀Insets通常用于處理劉海屏和挖孔屏。

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
    WindowInsetsController windowInsetsController = windowManager.getInsetsController(getWindow().getDecorView());
    windowInsetsController.setDisplayFrameInsetsRelative(new Rect(0, 0, 0, displayFrameInsets.bottom));
}

6. 監聽Insets變化

你可以監聽Insets的變化，以便在Insets發生變化時更新你的布局。

if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
    WindowInsetsController windowInsetsController = windowManager.getInsetsController(getWindow().getDecorView());
    windowInsetsController.addCallback(new WindowInsetsController.OnInsetsChangedListener() {
        @Override
        public void onInsetsChanged(WindowInsets windowInsets) {
            Rect safeAreaInsets = windowInsets.getSafeArea();
            Rect contentInsets = windowInsets.getContentInsets();
            Rect systemGestureInsets = windowInsets.getSystemGestureInsets();
            Rect displayFrameInsets = windowInsets.getDisplayFrameInsets();
            // 更新布局
        }
    });
}

通過以上步驟，你可以有效地處理Android窗口Insets，以適應不同屏幕尺寸和方向。