在Ubuntu上使用PHP處理文件上傳涉及幾個關鍵步驟，包括配置PHP環境、編寫HTML表單以及處理上傳的PHP腳本。以下是一個詳細的指南：
首先，確保你的Ubuntu系統上已經安裝了PHP和相關的庫。
sudo apt update
sudo apt install php php-cli php-fpm php-mysql
編輯PHP配置文件/etc/php/7.4/cli/php.ini（根據你的PHP版本調整路徑），設置文件上傳的大小限制和其他相關參數。
upload_max_filesize = 10M
post_max_size = 10M
file_uploads = On
創建一個HTML文件來允許用戶上傳文件。例如，創建一個名為upload.html的文件：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>File Upload</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Upload File</h1>
<form action="upload.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
Select file to upload:
<input type="file" name="fileToUpload" id="fileToUpload">
<input type="submit" value="Upload File" name="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
創建一個名為upload.php的文件來處理文件上傳。
<?php
// Check if the form was submitted
if ($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST") {
// Check if file was uploaded without errors
if (isset($_FILES["fileToUpload"]) && $_FILES["fileToUpload"]["error"] == 0) {
$allowed = ["jpg" => "image/jpeg", "jpeg" => "image/jpeg", "gif" => "image/gif", "png" => "image/png"];
$filename = $_FILES["fileToUpload"]["name"];
$filetype = $_FILES["fileToUpload"]["type"];
$filesize = $_FILES["fileToUpload"]["size"];
// Verify file extension
$ext = pathinfo($filename, PATHINFO_EXTENSION);
if (!array_key_exists($ext, $allowed)) die("Error: Please select a valid file format.");
// Verify file size - 5MB maximum
$maxsize = 5 * 1024 * 1024;
if ($filesize > $maxsize) die("Error: File size is larger than the allowed limit.");
// Verify MYME type of the file
if (in_array($filetype, $allowed)) {
// Check whether file exists before uploading it
if (file_exists("upload/" . $filename)) {
echo $filename . " is already exists.";
} else {
move_uploaded_file($_FILES["fileToUpload"]["tmp_name"], "upload/" . $filename);
echo "Your file was uploaded successfully.";
}
} else {
echo "Error: There was a problem uploading your file. Please try again.";
}
} else {
echo "Error: " . $_FILES["fileToUpload"]["error"];
}
}
?>
確保在項目目錄中創建一個名為upload的目錄，并設置適當的權限。
mkdir upload
chmod 755 upload
將HTML文件和PHP腳本放在你的Web服務器的根目錄下（例如/var/www/html），然后通過瀏覽器訪問HTML文件來測試文件上傳功能。
sudo nano /etc/apache2/sites-available/000-default.conf
確保配置文件中有以下內容：
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
<Directory /var/www/html>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Require all granted
</Directory>
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
重啟Apache服務器以應用更改：
sudo systemctl restart apache2
現在，你應該能夠通過瀏覽器訪問http://your_server_ip/upload.html并上傳文件。
以上步驟涵蓋了在Ubuntu上使用PHP處理文件上傳的基本流程。你可以根據需要進一步擴展和優化這個過程，例如添加更多的文件類型檢查、用戶認證、文件存儲管理等。
