在CentOS上安裝Python的步驟如下:
查詢當前Python版本:
python --version
python3 --version
安裝依賴包:
sudo yum install -y wget zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make
下載Python源碼包: 以Python 3.9.0為例,從Python官網下載源碼包:
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.9.0/Python-3.9.0.tgz
解壓源碼包:
tar -zxvf Python-3.9.0.tgz
cd Python-3.9.0
配置編譯環境:
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
編譯和安裝:
make && make install
創建軟鏈接:
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.9 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.9 /usr/bin/pip3
驗證安裝:
python3 --version
pip3 --version
配置系統環境變量(可選):
編輯~/.bash_profile
文件,添加以下內容:
export PYTHON_HOME=/usr/local/python3
export PATH=$PYTHON_HOME/bin:$PATH
然后執行:
source ~/.bash_profile
檢查環境變量:
echo $PYTHON_HOME