在Ubuntu系統中,使用JSP實現文件上傳需要以下幾個步驟:
首先,確保已經安裝了Java JDK、Apache Tomcat和Servlet容器。如果沒有,請按照以下命令安裝:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk
sudo apt install tomcat9
在Tomcat的webapps目錄下創建一個新的文件夾,例如:myapp。在此文件夾中,創建一個名為WEB-INF的文件夾。在WEB-INF文件夾中,創建一個名為web.xml的文件,用于配置Servlet。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
</web-app>
在myapp文件夾中創建一個名為index.jsp的文件,用于顯示文件上傳表單:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>File Upload</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Upload File</h1>
<form action="upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file" required>
<input type="submit" value="Upload">
</form>
</body>
</html>
接下來,創建一個名為UploadServlet.java的文件,用于處理文件上傳請求:
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.*;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.*;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.*;
import org.apache.commons.io.output.*;
public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private static final String UPLOAD_DIRECTORY = "uploads";
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
if (ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)) {
try {
List<FileItem> multiparts = new ServletFileUpload(new DiskFileItemFactory()).parseRequest(request);
for (FileItem item : multiparts) {
if (!item.isFormField()) {
String name = new File(item.getName()).getName();
String filePath = UPLOAD_DIRECTORY + File.separator + name;
File storeFile = new File(filePath);
item.write(storeFile);
response.getWriter().println("File " + name + " has uploaded successfully!");
}
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
response.getWriter().println("There was an error: " + ex.getMessage());
}
} else {
response.getWriter().println("Request does not contain upload data");
}
}
}
在web.xml文件中添加Servlet配置:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>UploadServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/upload</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
在myapp文件夾中創建一個名為uploads的目錄,用于存儲上傳的文件:
mkdir uploads
將myapp文件夾復制到Tomcat的webapps目錄下,然后啟動Tomcat:
sudo cp -r myapp /var/lib/tomcat9/webapps/
sudo systemctl restart tomcat9
現在,訪問http://your_server_ip:8080/myapp/index.jsp,你應該可以看到文件上傳表單。選擇一個文件并點擊上傳按鈕,文件將被上傳到uploads目錄。
注意:這個示例使用了Apache Commons FileUpload庫來處理文件上傳。你需要將其添加到項目的依賴中??梢酝ㄟ^在myapp文件夾中創建一個名為lib的文件夾,并將commons-fileupload和commons-io的JAR文件放入其中來實現。然后,在web.xml中添加以下內容:
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/lib/*</param-value>
</context-param>